Sizing of hybrid PMSG-PV system for battery charging of electric vehicles

The number of electric vehicles are increasing in the society as they are considered as zero emission vehicles and also because conventional fuels are becoming expensive. Additional electrical power should be produced to meet the energy requirement of this increase in electric vehicle population. To use the existing grid infrastructure without any failure, installing distributed generator at secondary distribution network is essential. In this work, sizing of wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator—photovoltaic hybrid distributed generating system has been attempted to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of a particular residential area. Different feasible combinations for wind generator capacity and photovoltaic capacity are obtained to satisfy the additional energy requirement. Results are analyzed based on energy, financial payback periods and daily power profile of the hybrid system. Based on this analysis, the sizes of wind generator and photovoltaic array have been chosen to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of that particular residential locality.

[1]  Ali Naci Celik,et al.  Techno-economic analysis of autonomous PV-wind hybrid energy systems using different sizing methods , 2003 .

[2]  Lin Lu,et al.  Environmental payback time analysis of a roof-mounted building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system in Hong Kong , 2010 .

[3]  A. Keane,et al.  Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicles in Low-Voltage Distribution Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  Scott W. White,et al.  Birth to death analysis of the energy payback ratio and CO2 gas emission rates from coal, fission, wind, and DT-fusion electrical power plants , 2000 .

[5]  S.A. Daniel,et al.  A novel hybrid isolated generating system based on PV fed inverter-assisted wind-driven induction Generators , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[6]  Begoña Guezuraga,et al.  Life cycle assessment of two different 2 MW class wind turbines , 2012 .

[7]  S. Pellegrini,et al.  Life cycle assessment of a multi-megawatt wind turbine , 2009 .

[8]  J. K. Kaldellis,et al.  Energy pay-back period analysis of stand-alone photovoltaic systems , 2010 .

[9]  G. J. Rios-Moreno,et al.  Optimal sizing of renewable hybrids energy systems: A review of methodologies , 2012 .

[10]  Wei-Neng Chang,et al.  Design and implementation of a hybrid regenerative power system combining grid-tie and uninterruptible power supply functions , 2010 .

[11]  Xunmin Ou,et al.  Full lifetime cost analysis of battery, plug-in hybrid and FCEVs in China in the near future , 2012 .

[12]  Hongxing Yang,et al.  Review on life cycle assessment of energy payback and greenhouse gas emission of solar photovoltaic systems , 2013 .

[13]  S. Arul Daniel,et al.  Studies on battery storage requirement of PV fed wind-driven induction generators , 2013 .

[14]  Chengke Zhou,et al.  A Methodology for Optimization of Power Systems Demand Due to Electric Vehicle Charging Load , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[15]  Djamila Diaf,et al.  A methodology for optimal sizing of autonomous hybrid PV/wind system , 2007 .

[16]  Dimitrios Zafirakis,et al.  Optimum sizing of stand-alone wind-photovoltaic hybrid systems for representative wind and solar potential cases of the Greek territory , 2012 .

[17]  Seddik Bacha,et al.  Sizing stand-alone photovoltaic–wind hybrid system: Techno-economic analysis and optimization , 2014 .

[18]  Alexis Kwasinski,et al.  Dynamic Modeling and Operation Strategy for a Microgrid With Wind and Photovoltaic Resources , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[19]  Ozan Erdinc,et al.  Optimum design of hybrid renewable energy systems: Overview of different approaches , 2012 .

[20]  J. Driesen,et al.  The Impact of Charging Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on a Residential Distribution Grid , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[21]  Francis Meunier,et al.  Life cycle analysis of 4.5 MW and 250 W wind turbines , 2009 .

[22]  Enzo Sauma,et al.  Business optimal design of a grid-connected hybrid PV (photovoltaic)-wind energy system without energy storage for an Easter Island's block , 2013 .

[23]  Yaow-Ming Chen,et al.  Multi-Input Inverter for Grid-Connected Hybrid PV/Wind Power System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  Amaya Martínez-Gracia,et al.  Sizing criteria of hybrid photovoltaic–wind systems with battery storage and self-consumption considering interaction with the grid , 2013 .

[25]  J. V. Milanovic,et al.  Techno-Economic Contribution of FACTS Devices to the Operation of Power Systems With High Level of Wind Power Integration , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[26]  Orhan Ekren,et al.  Size optimization of a PV/wind hybrid energy conversion system with battery storage using simulated annealing , 2010 .

[27]  Rachid Ibtiouen,et al.  Sizing optimization of grid-independent hybrid photovoltaic/wind power generation system , 2011 .

[28]  Ömer Nezih Gerek,et al.  The effect of model generated solar radiation data usage in hybrid (wind–PV) sizing studies , 2009 .

[29]  R. Dufo-López,et al.  Economical and environmental analysis of grid connected photovoltaic systems in Spain , 2006 .