From Microarrays to Gene Networks

Understanding the roles and functions of genes and proteins through their interactions with each other and the environment has been reshaped with technological advancements such as gene chips and protein arrays. These techniques simultaneously probe thousands of molecules at any given time. Interrogating the network as opposed to a single entity as in traditional methods necessitates a departure from reductionism and requires developing biological insight in a networks setting. A fundamental challenge is to develop computational methods to analyze this vast amount of data and transform it into meaningful biological knowledge. Because of the nature of the data and the system under investigation, this goal can be accomplished by considering high-throughput data analysis in the context of biological networks. In this chapter, we describe the foundations of this methodology through an overview of the problems encountered along the way and a summary of basic biological and mathematical concepts.

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