Eigenfactor Measuring the value and prestige of scholarly journals
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In 1927, two chemists at Pomona College published an article in Science, proposing that librarians could use data about citation rates to select appropriate journals for a small library collection. This idea has had an enormous influence on the structure and practice of scientific communication. Today, citation analysis is ubiquitous in evaluating papers, researchers, journals, departments, and fields. Not only do librarians use citation data in selecting journal subscriptions, but researchers use them when deciding where to submit their manuscripts, funding bodies in evaluating grant proposals, and tenure committees in deciding tenure cases. But as the influence of citation data has grown, so has criticism of its use. Much of this criti cism is justified; when evaluating individual papers or researchers, there is clearly no substitute for reading and understanding the work. However, some questions—such as bibliometric analysis of the relative infl uence of the full contents of a journal—can only be answered by a largescale quantitative approach. For these questions, citation data can be useful, and we should make the best possible use of it. The scientific literature forms a network of scholarly articles, connected by citations. Each connection in this network—that is, each citation—reflects the assessment of an individual scholar regarding which papers are interesting and relevant to his or her work. Thus contained within the vast network of scholarly citations is the collective wisdom of hundreds of thousands of authors. My col leagues and I have developed a way to use the network structure of citations to improve on simple citation counts in measuring the scientifi c influence of academic publications. At our Web site www.eigenfactor.org, we report these measures for the nearly 8,000 publications indexed by Thompson Scientif ic’s Journal Citation Reports (JCR) as well as for the approximately 110,000 other journals, books, newspapers, and other reference items that are referred to by these publications.
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