Basal and Tolbutamide‐induced Plasma Somatostatin in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Peripheral levels of basal and tolbutamide‐induced somatostatin have been measured in patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and compared with those in normal individuals. Basal somatostatin was significantly higher in patients with Type 1 diabetes than in age‐matched control subjects. This increase was most pronounced at diagnosis, and appeared to be related to metabolic control in insulin‐treated patients. No increase was noted in patients with Type 2 diabetes or with IGT. Intravenous bolus injection of tolbutamide enhanced peripheral somatostatin levels in healthy volunteers in a biphasic manner. Patients with IGT also exhibited a biphasic response but the amplitude of the first phase was higher. No secretory response was detected in 27/29 Type 1 diabetic patients at diagnosis; a somatostatin response to tolbutamide became detectable again in Type 1 patients with normalization of their basal somatostatin levels but was then paradoxically related to poor blood glucose control. In Type 2 diabetes, basal somatostatin levels were similar to age‐matched control subjects, but decreased upon intravenous tolbutamide administration.

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