Correlations between CEV and planetary surface systems architecture planning

Abstract This paper will present key issues and concepts that illustrate interrelationships between crew exploration vehicle (CEV) and planetary surface systems design decisions associated with human exploration of the Moon and the Mars. Such decisions will influence surface element sizing, configurations and deployment. Important implications include impacts and constraints upon habitat module efficiencies, safety and surface implementation. A correlation between planning for CEV and surface system requirements demands an integrated approach. Launch and orbital transfer means must be analyzed in parallel with comprehensive payload needs and element design options. Accordingly, studies should address a variety of option drivers and alternatives, including: • Surface landing strategies applicable for the Moon and the Mars that place payloads above, in plane with and below landers. • Surface element geometrics and configurations that orient landing elements (including habitats) in vertical vs. horizontal orientations. • Habitat model options that apply conventional ISS-type fixed pressure vessels and expandable (inflatable and telescoping) approaches. • Influences of sizes and types upon design and operations of surface mobility systems. • Surface transport requirements/options that involve use of pressurized and unpressurized vehicles. • Surface element configurations requirements/options and their influences upon deployment, crew safety, evolutionary growth and other factors.