A quick and simple screening method for pathological and problem gamblers in addiction programs and practices.

Despite high rates of comorbidity among pathological gambling, substance use disorders, and other psychiatric conditions, health professionals rarely screen their clients for gambling problems. We report on the performance of the NODS-CLiP, an existing brief, three-item screen for problem and pathological gambling, and an alternative four-item screen that demonstrates improved sensitivity, good positive and negative predictive power, and invariance across key demographic groups . Given the high rates of comorbidity, routine and accurate identification of gambling-related problems among individuals seeking help for substance abuse and related disorders is important. The original and the alternative brief screens are likely to be useful in a range of clinical settings. 

[1]  N. Kerse,et al.  Primary care patients reporting concerns about their gambling frequently have other co-occurring lifestyle and mental health issues , 2006, BMC family practice.

[2]  B. Arroll,et al.  Lifestyle screening: development of an acceptable multi-item general practice tool. , 2004, The New Zealand medical journal.

[3]  Rachel A. Volberg,et al.  The Measurement of Adult Problem and Pathological Gambling , 2006 .

[4]  U. P. S. T. Force,et al.  Screening and Behavioral Counseling Interventions in Primary Care To Reduce Alcohol Misuse: Recommendation Statement , 2004, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[5]  E. Wickwire,et al.  Psychometric evaluation of the National Opinion Research Center DSM-IV Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS). , 2008, The American journal on addictions.

[6]  H. Lesieur,et al.  The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SaGS): A New Instrument for the Identification of Pathological Gamblers , 2010 .

[7]  R. LaBrie,et al.  Prevention of Problem Gambling , 2003 .

[8]  B. Arroll,et al.  Asking For Help is Helpful: Validation of a Brief Lifestyle and Mood Assessment Tool in Primary Health Care , 2009, The Annals of Family Medicine.

[9]  B. Grant,et al.  Comorbidity of DSM-IV pathological gambling and other psychiatric disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. , 2005, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[10]  C. Lejuez,et al.  Using the Rasch model to evaluate the South Oaks Gambling Screen for use with nonpathological gamblers. , 2003, Addictive behaviors.

[11]  C. Lejuez,et al.  Using a Rasch model to examine the utility of the South Oaks Gambling Screen across clinical and community samples. , 2004, Addictive behaviors.

[12]  K C Winters,et al.  DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication , 2008, Psychological Medicine.

[13]  S. Sullivan Don’t Let an Opportunity Go by: Validation of the EIGHT Gambling Screen , 2007, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction.

[14]  N. Petry,et al.  Cigarette smoking is associated with increased severity of gambling problems in treatment-seeking gamblers. , 2002, Addiction.

[15]  N. Petry,et al.  A randomized trial of brief interventions for problem and pathological gamblers. , 2008, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[16]  N. Eisenstein,et al.  The Lie/Bet Questionnaire for Screening Pathological Gamblers , 1997, Psychological reports.

[17]  R. Hamer,et al.  The Lie/Bet Questionnaire for Screening Pathological Gamblers: A Follow-up Study , 1998, Psychological reports.

[18]  Bob Erens,et al.  SOGS and DSM-IV in the British Gambling Prevalence Survey: Reliability and Factor Structure , 2003 .

[19]  W. Meredith Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance , 1993 .

[20]  J. Coverdale,et al.  GAMBLING IN MILD–MODERATE ALCOHOL-DEPENDENT OUTPATIENTS , 2002, Substance use & misuse.

[21]  James G. Phillips,et al.  The Relationship Between Anxiety, Smoking, and Gambling in Electronic Gaming Machine Players , 2004, Journal of Gambling Studies.

[22]  Rachel A. Volberg,et al.  The NODS–CLiP: A Rapid Screen for Adult Pathological and Problem Gambling , 2009, Journal of Gambling Studies.

[23]  R. Volberg,et al.  A hierarchy of gambling disorders in the community. , 2003, Addiction.

[24]  J. Derevensky,et al.  Prevalence Estimates of Adolescent Gambling: A Comparison of the SOGS-RA, DSM-IV-J, and the GA 20 Questions , 2004, Journal of Gambling Studies.

[25]  D. Hodgins Using the NORC DSM Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) as an Outcome Measure for Pathological Gambling: Reliability and Validity , 2002 .

[26]  B. Grant,et al.  The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): reliability of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, family history of depression and psychiatric diagnostic modules in a general population sample. , 2003, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[27]  R. LaBrie,et al.  Optimizing DSM-IV-TR Classification Accuracy: A Brief Biosocial Screen for Detecting Current Gambling Disorders among Gamblers in the General Household Population , 2010, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

[28]  Screening for depression: recommendations and rationale. , 2002 .