SPECIAL ARTICLE: NON‐INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION

1. Endothelial dysfunction, due to reductions in nitric oxide (NO) action, is an early feature of macrovascular disease.

[1]  H. Sparks,et al.  The peripheral circulation: local regulation. , 1978, Annual review of physiology.

[2]  R Busse,et al.  Crucial role of endothelium in the vasodilator response to increased flow in vivo. , 1986, Hypertension.

[3]  R. Paul,et al.  Eicosonoid metabolism and beta-adrenergic mechanisms in coronary arterial smooth muscle: potential compartmentation of cAMP. , 1986, The American journal of physiology.

[4]  P. Vanhoutte,et al.  Flow-induced release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. , 1986, The American journal of physiology.

[5]  R. Cannon,et al.  Impaired forearm vasodilator reserve in patients with microvascular angina. Evidence of a generalized disorder of vascular function? , 1987, The New England journal of medicine.

[6]  T. Rink,et al.  Single stretch-activated ion channels in vascular endothelial cells as mechanotransducers? , 1987, Nature.

[7]  A. Mark,et al.  Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans. , 1989, Circulation.

[8]  H. Drexler,et al.  Flow-dependent coronary artery dilatation in humans. , 1989, Circulation.

[9]  J P Cooke,et al.  Flow activates an endothelial potassium channel to release an endogenous nitrovasodilator. , 1991, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[10]  H. Drexler,et al.  Modulation of coronary vasomotor tone in humans. Progressive endothelial dysfunction with different early stages of coronary atherosclerosis. , 1991, Circulation.

[11]  Ionic mechanisms involved in the flow- and pressure-sensor function of the endothelium. , 1991, Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie.

[12]  J. K. Lloyd,et al.  Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis , 1992, The Lancet.

[13]  G. Schuler,et al.  Regular Physical Exercise and Low‐Fat Diet: Effects on Progression of Coronary Artery Disease , 1992, Circulation.

[14]  S. Katz,et al.  Regional specificity of peak hyperemic response in patients with congestive heart failure: correlation with peak aerobic capacity. , 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[15]  J. Cooke,et al.  Shear Stress Elevates Endothelial cGMP. Role of a Potassium Channel and G Protein Coupling , 1993, Circulation.

[16]  D. Celermajer,et al.  Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Dose‐Related and Potentially Reversible Impairment of Endothelium‐Dependent Dilation in Healthy Young Adults , 1993, Circulation.

[17]  D. Spiegelhalter,et al.  Aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy men years before the age-related decline in women. , 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[18]  M. Sugimachi,et al.  Effect of L-arginine on acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation differs between the coronary and forearm vasculatures in humans. , 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[19]  J. Ritter,et al.  Blood flow responses to intra-arterial acetylcholine in man: effects of basal flow and conduit vessel length. , 1994, Clinical science.

[20]  D. Celermajer,et al.  Endothelium-dependent dilation in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic subjects relates to coronary risk factors and their interaction. , 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[21]  P. Tsao,et al.  Is NO an endogenous antiatherogenic molecule? , 1994, Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology.

[22]  T Endo,et al.  Role of nitric oxide in reactive hyperemia in human forearm vessels. , 1994, Circulation.

[23]  P. Ganz,et al.  Estrogen Improves Endothelium-Dependent, Flow-Mediated Vasodilation in Postmenopausal Women , 1994, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[24]  Y. Ouchi,et al.  Modulation of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery by sex and menstrual cycle. , 1995, Circulation.

[25]  W E Haefeli,et al.  Nitric oxide is responsible for flow-dependent dilatation of human peripheral conduit arteries in vivo. , 1995, Circulation.

[26]  D. Spiegelhalter,et al.  Non-invasive measurement of human endothelium dependent arterial responses: accuracy and reproducibility. , 1995, British heart journal.

[27]  G. Plotnick,et al.  Technical aspects of evaluating brachial artery vasodilatation using high-frequency ultrasound. , 1995, The American journal of physiology.

[28]  A. Yeung,et al.  Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations. , 1995, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[29]  M W Ramsey,et al.  Endothelium and inelastic arteries: an early marker of vascular dysfunction in non-insulin dependent diabetes , 1996, BMJ.

[30]  T. Ogihara,et al.  Impaired endothelial function with essential hypertension assessed by ultrasonography. , 1996, American heart journal.

[31]  M. Sampson,et al.  Impaired vascular reactivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is related to disease duration and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. , 1996, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[32]  H. Drexler,et al.  Physical training improves endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure. , 1996, Circulation.

[33]  G. Plotnick,et al.  Changes in flow-mediated brachial artery vasoactivity with lowering of desirable cholesterol levels in healthy middle-aged men. , 1996, The American journal of cardiology.

[34]  M. Jensen-Urstad,et al.  Early Atherosclerosis Is Retarded by Improved Long-Term Blood Glucose Control in Patients With IDDM , 1996, Diabetes.

[35]  A. Yeung,et al.  Flow-induced vasodilation of the human brachial artery is impaired in patients <40 years of age with coronary artery disease. , 1996, The American journal of cardiology.

[36]  P. Ganz,et al.  Postischemic vasodilation in human forearm is dependent on endothelium-derived nitric oxide. , 1996, The American journal of physiology.

[37]  J. Deanfield,et al.  Non-invasive measurement of endothelial function: effect on brachial artery dilatation of graded endothelial dependent and independent stimuli. , 1997, Heart.

[38]  A. Quyyumi,et al.  Nitric oxide activity in the atherosclerotic human coronary circulation. , 1997, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[39]  G. Plotnick,et al.  Effect of a single high-fat meal on endothelial function in healthy subjects. , 1997, The American journal of cardiology.

[40]  K. Schenck-Gustafsson,et al.  Transient triglyceridemia decreases vascular reactivity in young, healthy men without risk factors for coronary heart disease. , 1997, Circulation.

[41]  D. Glogar,et al.  Systemic endothelial dysfunction is related to the extent and severity of coronary artery disease. , 1997, Atherosclerosis.

[42]  Impairment of adenosine-induced dilation of forearm resistance arteries in patients with arterial hypertension. , 1997, VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten.

[43]  S. Rosfors,et al.  A methodological study of arterial wall function using ultrasound technique. , 1997, Clinical physiology.

[44]  L S Murray,et al.  How reproducible is bilateral forearm plethysmography? , 1998, British journal of clinical pharmacology.