Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. Current approaches to managing the CVD epidemic are based on powerful engineering models and advanced medical techniques. Innovative research has identified a number of risk factors for hypertension and CVD. However, our understanding of these disorders and our ability to manage the epidemic remain limited. A social epidemiologic paradigm suggests that essential hypertension and CVD are diseases of industrialized society of rather recent historical origins. To better understand and manage the CVD epidemic, current models need to incorporate a heretofore relatively neglected realm of social life in the workplace.