Tuning Ray Tracing for Mm‐wave Coverage Prediction in Outdoor Urban Scenarios

Propagation characteristics at 26, 28, and 38 GHz (Ka band) in outdoor environments are analyzed through path loss measurements in two different urban scenarios and used to tune a ray‐tracing model, with specific focus on nonspecular scattering and vegetation attenuation.

[1]  J. Epstein,et al.  An Experimental Study of Wave Propagation at 850 MC , 1953, Proceedings of the IRE.

[2]  R. Kouyoumjian,et al.  A uniform geometrical theory of diffraction for an edge in a perfectly conducting surface , 1974 .

[3]  Mark A. Weissberger,et al.  An initial critical summary of models for predicting the attenuation of radio waves by trees , 1982 .

[4]  Rodger E. Ziemer An Overview of Millimeter Wave Communications , 1984, 1984 14th European Microwave Conference.

[5]  C. Balanis Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics , 1989 .

[6]  Yvo L. C. de Jong,et al.  A tree-scattering model for improved propagation prediction in urban microcells , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[7]  P. Azzi,et al.  An advanced field prediction model including diffuse scattering , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[8]  E. Vitucci,et al.  Measurement and Modelling of Scattering From Buildings , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[9]  P. Vainikainen,et al.  Analysis of Multipath Propagation in Urban Environment Through Multidimensional Measurements and Advanced Ray Tracing Simulation , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[10]  Vittorio Degli-Esposti,et al.  A fast model for distributed scattering from buildings , 2009, 2009 3rd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation.

[11]  C. Oestges,et al.  Ray-tracing evaluation of diffuse scattering in an outdoor scenario , 2011, Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[12]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G Cellular: It Will Work! , 2013, IEEE Access.

[13]  M. García Sánchez,et al.  A 2D Ray-Tracing Based Model for Micro- and Millimeter-Wave Propagation Through Vegetation , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[14]  Andreas F. Molisch,et al.  Wideband spatial channel model in an urban cellular environments at 28 GHz , 2015, 2015 9th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP).

[15]  Vittorio Degli-Esposti,et al.  Ray Tracing RF Field Prediction: An Unforgiving Validation , 2015 .

[16]  Vittorio Degli-Esposti,et al.  Ray tracing propagation modeling for future small‐cell and indoor applications: A review of current techniques , 2015 .

[17]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Wideband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for Future Wireless Communication System Design , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[18]  Juyul Lee,et al.  Millimeter-wave channel model parameters for urban microcellular environment based on 28 and 38 GHz measurements , 2016, 2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).

[19]  Sergey Andreev,et al.  Characterizing the Impact of Diffuse Scattering in Urban Millimeter-Wave Deployments , 2016, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[20]  Jesper Ødum Nielsen,et al.  Dual-polarized indoor propagation at 26 GHz , 2016, 2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).

[21]  Yi Zheng,et al.  Propagation Characteristics of Indoor Radio Channel from 3.5 GHz to 28 GHz , 2016, 2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall).

[22]  Ines Carton,et al.  Comparison of ray tracing simulations and channel measurements at mmWave bands for indoor scenarios , 2016, 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP).

[23]  Reiner S. Thomä,et al.  Item level characterization of mm-wave indoor propagation , 2016, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[24]  Kei Sakaguchi,et al.  Environment Induced Shadowing of Urban Millimeter-Wave Access Links , 2016, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[25]  Robert Mueller,et al.  Millimeter-Wave Propagation: Characterization and modeling toward fifth-generation systems. [Wireless Corner] , 2016, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine.

[26]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Small-Scale, Local Area, and Transitional Millimeter Wave Propagation for 5G Communications , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[27]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Overview of Millimeter Wave Communications for Fifth-Generation (5G) Wireless Networks—With a Focus on Propagation Models , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[28]  E. Schulz,et al.  Analysis of In-Room mm-Wave Propagation: Directional Channel Measurements and Ray Tracing Simulations , 2017 .

[29]  Y. Takatori,et al.  Prediction accuracy of hybrid method based on ray-tracing and effective roughness model in indoor environment for millimeter waves , 2017, 2017 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA).

[30]  Seunghwan Kim,et al.  Comparison of path loss models for indoor 30 GHz, 140 GHz, and 300 GHz channels , 2017, 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[31]  Chao Li,et al.  Height-dependent path loss model and large-scale characteristics analysis of 28 GHz and 38.6 GHz in urban micro scenarios , 2017, 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[32]  Bo Ai,et al.  On Indoor Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO Channels: Measurement and Simulation , 2017, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[33]  Y. Takatori,et al.  Diffuse scattering prediction for 26GHz band in indoor office environments , 2017, 2017 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP).

[34]  Lujain Dabouba,et al.  Millimeter Wave Mobile Communication for 5 G Cellular , 2017 .

[35]  V. D. Esposti,et al.  26GHz ray-tracing pathloss prediction in outdoor scenario in presence of vegetation , 2018 .

[36]  E. Vitucci,et al.  A study on the performance of over-roof-top propagation models in dense urban environment , 2018 .

[37]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Propagation Models and Performance Evaluation for 5G Millimeter-Wave Bands , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.