Model Scenarios for Direction-Selective Adaptive Antennas in Cellular Mobile Communication Systems – Scanning the Literature

Intelligent antennas offer the possibility of greatly increasing the capacity of cellular mobile radio systems. We give a comprehensive overview of the literature concerning model scenarios for applications of direction-selective intelligent antennas. Measurement campaigns and simplified models are described that have been derived from these measurements or from physical considerations. Furthermore, directional fading simulators are reviewed which are essential for testing of smart antenna systems.

[1]  Werner Wiesbeck,et al.  A broadband statistical channel model for SDMA applications , 1998, 1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333).

[2]  R. Clarke,et al.  3-D mobile radio channel statistics , 1997 .

[3]  Antti Toskala,et al.  FRAMES multiple access mode 2-wideband CDMA , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[4]  Klaus I. Pedersen,et al.  Analysis of Time, Azimuth and Doppler Dispersion in Outdoor Radio Channels , 1997 .

[5]  A. Paulraj,et al.  Taxonomy of space-time processing for wireless networks , 1998 .

[6]  Benoit Champagne,et al.  A new multi-path vector channel simulator for the performance evaluation of antenna array systems , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[7]  Per Zetterberg,et al.  The angular aspect of wideband modelling and measurements , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[8]  K. Molnar,et al.  The Jakes fading model incorporating angular spread for a disk of scatterers , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[9]  B. H. Fleury,et al.  Radiowave propagation in mobile communications: an overview of European research , 1996 .

[10]  Aaas News,et al.  Book Reviews , 1893, Buffalo Medical and Surgical Journal.

[11]  Gustav Brismark,et al.  CODIT, a testbed project evaluating DS-CDMA for UMTS/FPLMTS , 1994, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC).

[12]  A.J. Paulraj,et al.  Space-time processing for wireless communications , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[13]  A. Molisch,et al.  Unified channel model for mobile radio systems with smart antennas , 1998 .

[14]  Jun-ichi Takada,et al.  On measuring the delay profile and the directions of arrival by using super resolution algorithm , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[15]  Anja Klein,et al.  Direction-of-arrival of partial waves in wideband mobile radio channels for intelligent antenna concepts , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[16]  R. Steele.  Digital mobile radio , 1983 .

[17]  Thomas Zwick,et al.  A statistical channel model for indoor environments including angle of arrival , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[18]  Suhas Diggavi,et al.  Characterization of fast fading vector channels for multi-antenna communication systems , 1994, Proceedings of 1994 28th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers.

[19]  Ananda Sanagavarapu Mohan,et al.  Angles-of-arrival of multipath signals in indoor environments , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[20]  M. Gudmundson.  Correlation Model for Shadow Fading in Mobile Radio Systems , 1991 .

[21]  P. Pajusco.  Experimental characterization of DOA at the base station in rural and urban area , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[22]  Andreas F. Molisch,et al.  Influence of the scatterer distribution on power delay profiles and azimuthal power spectra of mobile radio channels , 1998, 1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333).

[23]  P.E. Mogensen,et al.  Preliminary measurement results from an adaptive antenna array testbed for GSM/UMTS , 1997, 1997 IEEE 47th Vehicular Technology Conference. Technology in Motion.

[24]  J. Baltersee.  Modeling & simulating fading channels for systems with smart antennas , 1998, Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (Cat. No.98TH8361).

[25]  Peter Jung,et al.  A flexibly configurable spatial model for mobile radio channels , 1998, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[26]  T. Ojanpera,et al.  FRAMES-hybrid multiple access technology , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[27]  Bernard Henri Fleury,et al.  Advanced Radio Channel Model for Magic WAND , 1996 .

[28]  Jeffrey H. Reed,et al.  Geometrically based statistical channel model for macrocellular mobile environments , 1996, Proceedings of GLOBECOM'96. 1996 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[29]  Anja Klein,et al.  Measurement-based parameter adaptation of wideband spatial mobile radio channel models , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[30]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  A geometrically based model for line-of-sight multipath radio channels , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[31]  Mamoru Sawahashi,et al.  Coherent DS-CDMA: promising multiple access for wireless multimedia mobile communications , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[32]  Anja Klein,et al.  A statistical wideband mobile radio channel model including the directions-of-arrival , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[33]  M. J. Gans,et al.  On Limits of Wireless Communications in a Fading Environment when Using Multiple Antennas , 1998, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[34]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Effects of directional antennas at the base station on the Doppler spectrum , 1997, IEEE Communications Letters.

[35]  J. H. Winters,et al.  Effect of fading correlation on adaptive arrays in digital mobile radio , 1994 .

[36]  Michael A. Jensen,et al.  A statistical model for angle of arrival in indoor multipath propagation , 1997, 1997 IEEE 47th Vehicular Technology Conference. Technology in Motion.

[37]  U. Martin,et al.  Spatio-temporal radio channel characteristics in urban macrocells , 1998 .

[38]  Josef A. Nossek,et al.  Efficient high-resolution 3-D channel sounding , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[39]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Overview of spatial channel models for antenna array communication systems , 1998, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[40]  Gerd Sommerkorn,et al.  Radio Channel Measurement for Realistic Simulation of Adaptive Antenna Arrays , 1997 .

[41]  W.C.-Y. Lee.  Effects on Correlation Between Two Mobile Radio Base-Station Antennas , 1973, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[42]  Klaus I. Pedersen,et al.  Power azimuth spectrum in outdoor environments , 1997 .

[43]  P. A. Matthews,et al.  Direction of arrival and frequency response measurements at UHF , 1989 .

[44]  Johan Sköld,et al.  FRAMES multiple access mode 1-wideband TDMA with and without spreading , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[45]  T. Lo,et al.  Angles of arrival of indoor multipath , 1992 .

[46]  Michael A. Jensen,et al.  Indoor wideband time/angle of arrival multipath propagation results , 1997, 1997 IEEE 47th Vehicular Technology Conference. Technology in Motion.

[47]  Ming Lu,et al.  A physical spatio-temporal model of multipath propagation channels , 1997, 1997 IEEE 47th Vehicular Technology Conference. Technology in Motion.

[48]  P. A. Matthews,et al.  Direction of arrival measurements at UHF , 1989 .

[49]  R. Piechocki,et al.  Simple general formula for PDF of angle of arrival in large cell operational environments , 1998 .

[50]  Klaus I. Pedersen,et al.  Spatial channel characteristics in outdoor environments and their impact on BS antenna system performance , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[51]  E. Bonek,et al.  High-resolution 3-D direction-of-arrival determination for urban mobile radio , 1997 .

[52]  Poul Leth-Espensen,et al.  Propagation, Beamsteering And Uplink Combining Algorithms For Cellular Systems , 1996 .

[53]  Elvino S. Sousa,et al.  A statistical wideband propagation model for smart antenna systems , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[54]  Bernard Henri Fleury,et al.  Stochastic radio channel model for advanced indoor mobile communication systems , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[55]  Patrick Claus F. Eggers.  Angular dispersive mobile radio environments sensed by highly directive base station antennas , 1995, Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[56]  D. Giancristofaro,et al.  Correlation model for shadow fading in mobile radio channels , 1996 .

[57]  S. Guérin.  Indoor wideband and narrowband propagation measurements around 60.5 GHz in an empty and furnished room , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[58]  J. Andersen,et al.  Diffuse channel model and experimental results for array antennas in mobile environments , 1998 .

[59]  Alister G. Burr.  Wide-band channel modelling using a spatial model , 1998, 1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333).

[60]  H. Helmken,et al.  Multipath signal model with predetermined statistics , 1998 .

[61]  U. Martin,et al.  A statistical simulation model for the directional mobile radio channel and its configuration , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[62]  U. Martin.  Echo estimation-deriving simulation models for the mobile radio channel , 1995, 1995 IEEE 45th Vehicular Technology Conference. Countdown to the Wireless Twenty-First Century.

[63]  K. Anim-Appiah.  Complex envelope correlations for non-isotropic scattering , 1998 .

[64]  Yvo L. C. de Jong,et al.  Accurate identification of scatterers for improved microcell propagation modelling , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[65]  Thomas Haug,et al.  The GSM System for Mobile Communications , 1992 .

[66]  C. Mourot,et al.  An advanced TDMA mobile access system for UMTS , 1994, 5th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Wireless Networks - Catching the Mobile Future..

[67]  F. Vatalaro,et al.  Doppler spectrum in mobile-to-mobile communications in the presence of three-dimensional multipath scattering , 1997 .

[68]  Jeffrey H. Reed,et al.  Impact of path-loss on the Doppler spectrum for the geometrically based single bounce vector channel models , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[69]  P. Eggers.  Generation of base station DOA distributions by Jacobi transformation of scattering areas , 1998 .

[70]  Gerard J. Foschini,et al.  Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas , 1996, Bell Labs Technical Journal.

[71]  J. D. Parsons,et al.  Crosscorrelation between the envelopes of 900 MHz signals received at a mobile radio base station site , 1986 .

[72]  Klaus I. Pedersen,et al.  High resolution of electromagnetic waves in time-varying radio channels , 1997, Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - PIMRC '97.

[73]  R. Heddergott,et al.  Wideband angle of arrival estimation using the SAGE algorithm , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[74]  Pertti Vainikainen,et al.  Dynamic wideband measurement of mobile radio channel with adaptive antennas , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[75]  Patrick Claus F. Eggers,et al.  Jitter diversity in multipath environments , 1995, 1995 IEEE 45th Vehicular Technology Conference. Countdown to the Wireless Twenty-First Century.

[76]  David J. Edwards,et al.  Spatio-temporal variability analysis of the wideband microcellular environment , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[77]  M. Kuramoto,et al.  Development of a digital cellular system using TDMA technique , 1991, ICC 91 International Conference on Communications Conference Record.

[78]  M. Viberg,et al.  Two decades of array signal processing research: the parametric approach , 1996, IEEE Signal Process. Mag..