Momentum Equation Analysis of Converging Flows Within a Manhole Junction

Water industries within the United Kingdom and worldwide are becoming increasingly interested in the development and utilisation of Real Time Monitoring/Control (RT-M/C) of distribution and waste water systems, and flooding issues. This paper describes the investigations undertaken by the author as part of the Pennine Water Group at the University of Sheffield, to develop a suite of algorithms, utilising quasi-steady state methodology for use within specific problematic RT-M/C of wastewater system scenarios, such as a manhole junction. The algorithms were developed by utilising, a novel laboratory scale (1:10) prototype research apparatus, in the form of a simple manhole junction, as shown in Figure 1. In addition to physical laboratory testing, the research also utilised Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), of which no data is presented in this paper, and theoretical mathematical modelling.