Thermal evaluation of a chair with fans as an individually controlled system

It is difficult for a total air-conditioning system to satisfy the thermal comfort of all workers in an office. Therefore, an individually controlled system that can create a comfortable thermal environment for each worker is needed. In the present study, two chairs incorporating two fans each, one under the seat and one behind the backrest, were developed to provide isothermal forced airflow to the chair occupant. The chairs differed in the size of the fans. Experiments were conducted in a climate chamber during the summer. Seven subjects, who were healthy male college students, were allowed to freely control the two built-in fans by adjusting dials on the accompanying desk. The room air temperatures were set at 26 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C and 32 °C. The following findings were obtained. At a room air temperature of 28 °C, the whole-body thermal sensations were almost thermally neutral, regardless of the type of chair. At a room air temperature of 30 °C, the occupants were able to create acceptable thermal environments from the viewpoints of whole-body thermal sensation and comfort by using the chairs with fans. Their local discomfort rates at the back and lower back, which were affected by the isothermal airflows, were greatly improved at this room air temperature. However, at a room air temperature of 32 °C, the chairs tested in the present study were not able to provide acceptable thermal environments. In order to provide a more comfortable environment to the chair occupants, additional local systems to cool the head, arms, and hands are needed.