AGRONOMY AND SOILS Cotton Lint Yield and Quality As Affected by Applications of N, P, and K Fertilizers

Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer use in cotton production is important. Data from a long-term experiment initiated in 1972 were used to evaluate effects of N, P, and K fertilization on lint yield and lint quality of Upland cotton in Oklahoma. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Eleven treatments containing different rates of N-P-K were evaluated for each of three cultivars (Paymaster 145, Paymaster HS26 and Paymaster 2326 BG/RR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out initially using general linear models (GLM) procedure in SAS. Using this preliminary analysis, a quadratic plateau model for lint yield against N rates was evaluated for each cultivar using nonlinear (NLIN) procedure in SAS. Application of all three nutrients had some effect on lint yield, although most of the response was attributed to N (all cultivars) and to some extent P (Paymaster 2326 BG/RR and Paymaster HS26). The critical N rate for Paymaster 145, Paymaster HS26, and Paymaster 2326 BG/RR was 45, 45, and 67 kg N ha -1 with a corresponding plateau lint yield of 734, 1156, and 1468 kg ha -1 , respectively. The results for fiber length indicate that K fertiliza tion is the key to long fibers, while N rates greater than 90 kg ha -1 significantly reduce lint quality variables.

[1]  W. Pettigrew,et al.  Potassium Fertilization Effects on Cotton Lint Yield, Yield Components, and Reniform Nematode Populations , 2005 .

[2]  D. Boquet.  Cotton in Ultra‐Narrow Row Spacing: Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates , 2005 .

[3]  P. Bauer,et al.  Nitrogen, aldicarb, and cover crop effects on cotton yield and fiber properties , 2004 .

[4]  R. Nichols,et al.  Response of Recent Acala Cotton Varieties to Variable Nitrogen Rates in the San Joaquin Valley of California , 2004, Agronomy Journal.

[5]  Jones,et al.  Cotton growth, lint yield, and fiber quality as affected by row spacing and cultivar , 2004 .

[6]  W. Pettigrew.  Relationships between Insufficient Potassium and Crop Maturity in Cotton , 2003 .

[7]  Robert J. Lascano,et al.  Influence of Landscape Position, Soil Series, and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Cotton Lint Yield , 2003 .

[8]  F. Fritschi,et al.  Response of Irrigated Acala and Pima Cotton to Nitrogen Fertilization , 2003, Agronomy Journal.

[9]  E. Cowling,et al.  Optimizing Nitrogen Management in Food and Energy Production and Environmental Protection: Summary Statement from the Second International Nitrogen Conference , 2001, TheScientificWorldJournal.

[10]  L. Godfrey,et al.  Midseason Pest Status of the Cotton Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in California CottonIs Nitrogen a Key Factor? , 2001 .

[11]  L. Godfrey,et al.  MIDSEASON PEST STATUS OF COTTON APHID (HOM: APHIDIDAE) IN CALIFORNIA COTTON: IS NITROGEN A KEY FACTOR?. , 2001 .

[12]  R. Roberts,et al.  Nitrogen Fertilization of No-Till Cotton on Loess-Derived Soils , 2001 .

[13]  G. Breitenbeck,et al.  Nitrogen rate effect on partitioning of nitrogen and dry matter by cotton. , 2000 .

[14]  W. Pettigrew.  Potassium Deficiency Increases Specific Leaf Weights and Leaf Glucose Levels in Field-Grown Cotton , 1999 .

[15]  K. R. Reddy,et al.  Temperature Regime and Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Alter Cotton Boll Development and Fiber Properties , 1999 .

[16]  S. Moore.  Nitrogen effect on position of harvestable bolls in cotton , 1999 .

[17]  W. Baker,et al.  Yield and Petiole Nitrat e Concentrations of Cotton Treated with Soil-Applied and Foliar-Applie d Nitrogen , 1998 .

[18]  W. Pettigrew,et al.  Comparison of Obsolete and Modern Cotton Cultivars at Two Nitrogen Levels , 1997 .

[19]  G. F. Sassenrath-Cole,et al.  Quantitation of cotton fibre-quality variations arising from boll and plant growth environments , 1997 .

[20]  W. Pettigrew,et al.  Dry matter production, nutrient uptake, and growth of cotton as affected by potassium fertilization , 1997 .

[21]  H. Tewolde,et al.  Vegetative and reproductive dry weight inhibition in nitrogen‐ and phosphorus‐deficient Pima cotton 1 , 1997 .

[22]  J. Silvertooth,et al.  Comparisons between an Upland and a Pima Cotton Cultivar: II. Nutrient Uptake and Partitioning , 1996 .

[23]  W. Pettigrew,et al.  Genotypic Interactions with Potassium and Nitrogen in Cotton of Varied Maturity , 1996 .

[24]  B. S. Jackson,et al.  Plant Nitrogen Status and Boll Load of Cotton , 1994 .

[25]  E. B. Moser,et al.  Boll Weight and Within‐Plant Yield Distribution in Field‐Grown Cotton Given Different Levels of Nitrogen , 1994 .

[26]  R. K. Boman,et al.  Nitrogen and Mepiquat Chloride Effects on the Production of Nonrank, Irrigated, Short‐Season Cotton , 1994 .

[27]  M. W. Ebelhar,et al.  Potassium and aldicarb-disulfoton effects on Verticillium wilt, yield, and quality of cotton , 1991 .

[28]  C. H. Burmester,et al.  Dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium accumulation by four cotton varieties. , 1990 .

[29]  Kenneth G. Cassman,et al.  Potassium Nutrition Effects on Lint Yield and Fiber Quality of Acala Cotton , 1990 .

[30]  D. Krieg,et al.  Cotton Management Strategies for a Short Growing Season Environment: Water‐Nitrogen Considerations , 1990 .

[31]  B. D. Doss,et al.  Yield, Fiber Quality and Potassium Content of Irrigated Cotton Plants as Affected by Rates of Potassium1 , 1965 .