Outflow of Saturated Water from Horizontal Vessels

An investigation has been made of aspects of steady state outflow of saturated water from horizontal cylindrical vessels with an outlet on their bottom surface. It is shown that there are two regimes of outflow, one governed by the design of the vessel and the other by the design of the outlet. Experimental data on the variation of the level in the vessel with the flowrate are presented, and it is shown that they are in reasonable agreement with the theoretical results applicable to the two flow regimes and the transition between them. Finally, equations governing the variation of the liquid level along the vessel are presented.