Non-Local Retinex - A Unifying Framework and Beyond

In this paper, we provide a short review of Retinex and then present a unifying framework. The fundamental assumption of all Retinex models is that the observed image is a multiplication between the illumination and the true underlying reflectance of the object. Starting from Morel's 2010 PDE model, where illumination is supposed to vary smoothly and where the reflectance is thus recovered from a hard-thresholded Laplacian of the observed image in a Poisson equation, we define our unifying Retinex model in two similar, but more general, steps. We reinterpret the gradient thresholding model as variational models with sparsity constraints. First, we look for a filtered gradient that is the solution of an optimization problem consisting of two terms: a sparsity prior of the reflectance and a fidelity prior of the reflectance gradient to the observed image gradient. Second, since this filtered gradient almost certainly is not a consistent image gradient, we then fit an actual reflectance gradient to it, subje...