Variability and correlation between properties of maize hybrid seeds of different fractions obtained after seed processing and the initial seedling growth

The shape and the size of maize seeds are the most variable traits, which are determined by a genotype and environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to understand the effects of the mechanism of the relationship and significance of seed variability on germination and morphology of seedlings. The seeds of five hybrids ZP388, ZP434, ZP555, ZP606, and ZP6263 were used in this study. The following seed traits were analysed: physical ones: seed length (L), thickness (T) and the width (W); morphological ones: seed weight (SW), seedling length (SLW), root length (RL), shoot length (SL) and seed germination (G) as a phydiological trait. There are statistically significant differences not only among physical traits of the seeds of the five hybrids (p?0.05), but also among the morphological traits (p?0.05). Statisticlly significant differences (p?0.05). in the width (W), length(L) and thickness (T) of seeds of all hybrids were determined in the small flat fraction (SP). The large rounded seed fraction (KO) mainly differed in the width and thickness between hybrids ZP434 and ZP 555, while the large flat seed fraction differed the most in the length between these two hybrids. Large-flat (KP) seed fractions are also characterized by the highest germination (99%). As the seed weight increases, the seedling weight decreases (R2=0.527). Segmentation within hybrids according to the diversity of morphological and physiological properties of seeds was carried out according to the seed size, fraction and seedling weight, while the other parameters were less important. The characteristic of all hybrids is that large seeds of the KP fraction have high germination and well-developed seedlings.

[1]  Shibin Gao,et al.  Combined linkage mapping and association analysis reveals genetic control of maize kernel moisture content. , 2020, Physiologia plantarum.

[2]  Y. Rouphael,et al.  Editorial: Biostimulants in Agriculture , 2020, Frontiers in Plant Science.

[3]  Bingru Huang,et al.  Abscisic acid mediation of drought priming-enhanced heat tolerance in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and Arabidopsis. , 2019, Physiologia plantarum.

[4]  Tura Bareke.  Biology of seed development and germination physiology , 2018, Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research.

[5]  S. Evett,et al.  Yield and water use of drought-tolerant maize hybrids in a semiarid environment , 2018 .

[6]  Jianhua Wang,et al.  Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis for Deep-Sowing Germination Ability in the Maize IBM Syn10 DH Population , 2017, Front. Plant Sci..

[7]  Xiuli Hu,et al.  Genetic Modification for Improving Seed Vigor Is Transitioning from Model Plants to Crop Plants , 2017, Front. Plant Sci..

[8]  M. Purugganan,et al.  Extreme QTL mapping of germination speed in Arabidopsis thaliana , 2016, Molecular ecology.

[9]  A. Bhatt,et al.  Germination and recovery of heteromorphic seeds of Atriplex canescens (Amaranthaceae) under increasing salinity , 2016, Plant Ecology.

[10]  Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho,et al.  HETEROSE PARA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES NA OBTENÇÃO DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO , 2016 .

[11]  G. Bassel,et al.  Seed vigour and crop establishment: extending performance beyond adaptation. , 2016, Journal of experimental botany.

[12]  Bin Zhang,et al.  Arabidopsis RZFP34/CHYR1, a Ubiquitin E3 Ligase, Regulates Stomatal Movement and Drought Tolerance via SnRK2.6-Mediated Phosphorylation[OPEN] , 2015, Plant Cell.

[13]  Louise M. Nelson,et al.  Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants , 2014, Plant and Soil.

[14]  L. Ku,et al.  QTLs for Seed Vigor-Related Traits Identified in Maize Seeds Germinated under Artificial Aging Conditions , 2014, PloS one.

[15]  Hyojin Kang,et al.  ABA-INSENSITIVE3, ABA-INSENSITIVE5, and DELLAs Interact to Activate the Expression of SOMNUS and Other High-Temperature-Inducible Genes in Imbibed Seeds in Arabidopsis[W] , 2013, Plant Cell.

[16]  C. Job,et al.  Seed germination and vigor. , 2012, Annual review of plant biology.

[17]  C. Lata,et al.  Role of DREBs in regulation of abiotic stress responses in plants. , 2011, Journal of experimental botany.

[18]  S. Long,et al.  Can improvement in photosynthesis increase crop yields? , 2006, Plant, cell & environment.

[19]  C. Foyer,et al.  ABA plays a central role in mediating the regulatory effects of nitrate on root branching in Arabidopsis. , 2002, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[20]  K. Bristow,et al.  Modeling preemergent maize shoot growth. I. Physiological temperature conditions , 1996 .

[21]  M. G. Huck,et al.  Root and Shoot Growth Responses to Salinity in Maize and Soybean , 1995 .

[22]  M. Qoronfleh,et al.  Seeds. , 2020, Advances in neurobiology.

[23]  U. Lohwasser,et al.  Genetic mapping within the wheat D genome reveals QTL for germination, seed vigour and longevity, and early seedling growth , 2009, Euphytica.