PurposeThis study investigates the rate and extent of absorption following intramuscular injection of midazolam and diazepam.MethodsFour healthy male volunteers were recruited in this randomized three-way cross-over study. On one occasion each subject received simultaneous im injections of 5 mg midazolam and 10 mg diazepam in separate deltoid muscles. On two other separate occasions each subject received an iv infusion of 7.5 mg midazolam and 30 mg diazepam over five minutes. Frequent arterial blood samples were collected for up to two hours and venous blood samples were collected for up to 24 hours for midazolam and ten days for diazepam. A gas chromatography assay was used to determine the plasma concentrations of midazolam and diazepam. The im absorption profiles were estimated using constrained least-squares deconvolution.ResultsThere were substantial intersubject variabilities in the estimated pharmacokinetic parameters (volumes and clearances) of intravenous midazolam and diazepam. The mean (±sd) time to peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was shorter for im midazolam (17.5 ± 6.5 min) relative to diazepam (33.8 ± 7.5 min). The mean (+sd) time to peak absorption rate was also shorter for midazolam (9 ± 2 vs 13.8 ± 7.5 min). The peak rate of absorption was identical (0.18 mg · min−1) and bioavailability was 1.0 for both drugs.ConclusionsWe conclude that midazolam has more rapid absorption than diazepam following im administration.RésuméObjectifCette étude porte sur la vitesse et l’importance de l’absorption du midazolam et du diazépam par la voie intramusculaireMéthodesQuatre volontaires en bonne santé de sexe masculin ont pris part à cette étude aléatoire à trois voies. A une occasion, chacun des sujets a reçu simultanément des injections intramusculaires de midazolam 5 mg et de diazépam 10 mg. En deux occasions séparées chaque sujet a reçu une perfusion iv de midazolam 7,5 mg et de diazépam 30 mg en cinq minutes. De nombreux échantillons de sang artériel ont été prélevés pendant deux heures et de sang veineux pendant 24 heures pour le midazolam et dix jours pour le diazépam. La Chromatographie en phase gazeuse a servi à déterminer la concentration plasmatique du diazépam et du midazolam. Les profils d’absorption ont été estimés avec le test de déconvolution forcée de la régression linéaire.RésultatsDes variations substantielles ont été trouvés au regard de l’estimation des paramètres pharmacocinétiques (volumes et clairances) du midazolam et du diazépam intraveineux. Le temps (moyenne ± ET) requis pour l’atteinte de la concentration plasmatique maximale (Cmax) a été plus court pour le midazolam (17,5 ± 6,5 min) que pour diazépam (33,8 ± 7,5 min). Le temps (moyenne ± ET) requis pour l’atteinte de la vītesse d’absorption maximale (0,18 mg · min−1) et la biodisponibilité ont été identiques.ConclusionAprès son administration intraveineuse, le midazolam est absorbé plus rapidement que le diazépam.
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