Rhodopsin-Like Ionic Gate Fabricated with Graphene Oxide and Isomeric DNA Switch for Efficient Photocontrol of Ion Transport.

Rhodopsin, composed of opsin and isomeric retinal, acts as the primary photoreceptor by converting light into electric signals. Inspired by rhodopsin, we have fabricated a light-regulated ionic gate on the basis of the design of a graphene oxide (GO)-biomimetic DNA-nanochannel architecture. In this design, photoswitchable azobenzene (Azo)-DNA is introduced to the surface of porous anodic alumina (PAA) membrane. With modulation of the interaction between the GO blocker and Azo-DNA via flexibly regulating trans and cis states of Azo under the irradiation of visible and ultraviolet light, alternatively, the ionic gate is switched between ON and OFF states. This newly constructed ionic gate can possess high efficiency for the control of ion transport because of the high blocking property of GO and the rather tiny path within the barrier layer which are both first employed to fabricate ionic gate. We anticipate that this rhodopsin-like ionic gate may provide a new model and method for the investigation of ion channel, ion function, and ion quantity. In addition, because of the advantages of simple fabrication, good biocompatibility, and universality, this bioinspired system may have potential applications as optical sensors, in photoelectric transformation, and in controllable drug delivery.

[1]  Yao Sun,et al.  A biomimetic chiral-driven ionic gate constructed by pillar[6]arene-based host–guest systems , 2018, Nature Communications.

[2]  Jian Wang,et al.  Oscillatory Reaction Induced Periodic C-Quadruplex DNA Gating of Artificial Ion Channels. , 2017, ACS nano.

[3]  Jia Yi Chua,et al.  Optogenetic inhibition of behavior with anion channelrhodopsins , 2017, Nature Methods.

[4]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Light-Controlled Ion Transport through Biomimetic DNA-Based Channels. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[5]  C. Trautmann,et al.  The Influence of Divalent Anions on the Rectification Properties of Nanofluidic Diodes: Insights from Experiments and Theoretical Simulations. , 2016, Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry.

[6]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Colloidal Synthesis of Lettuce-like Copper Sulfide for Light-Gating Heterogeneous Nanochannels. , 2016, ACS nano.

[7]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Bioinspired Smart Gate-Location-Controllable Single Nanochannels: Experiment and Theoretical Simulation. , 2015, ACS nano.

[8]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Engineered Ionic Gates for Ion Conduction Based on Sodium and Potassium Activated Nanochannels. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[9]  J. Spudich,et al.  Natural light-gated anion channels: A family of microbial rhodopsins for advanced optogenetics , 2015, Science.

[10]  V. Kravets,et al.  Impermeable barrier films and protective coatings based on reduced graphene oxide , 2014, Nature Communications.

[11]  Jin Zhai,et al.  Artificial Ion Channels Regulating Light‐Induced Ionic Currents in Photoelectrical Conversion Systems , 2014, Advanced materials.

[12]  H. Park,et al.  Graphene and graphene oxide and their uses in barrier polymers , 2014 .

[13]  Peter Hegemann,et al.  Ion selectivity and competition in channelrhodopsins. , 2013, Biophysical journal.

[14]  Y. Wen,et al.  Highly efficient remote controlled release system based on light-driven DNA nanomachine functionalized mesoporous silica. , 2012, Nanoscale.

[15]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Light-regulated ion transport through artificial ion channels based on TiO2 nanotubular arrays. , 2012, Chemical communications.

[16]  Yuehe Lin,et al.  Graphene and graphene oxide: biofunctionalization and applications in biotechnology , 2011, Trends in Biotechnology.

[17]  S. Nguyen,et al.  Crumpled Graphene Nanosheets as Highly Effective Barrier Property Enhancers , 2010, Advanced materials.

[18]  Lei Jiang,et al.  Integrating Ionic Gate and Rectifier Within One Solid‐State Nanopore via Modification with Dual‐Responsive Copolymer Brushes , 2010 .

[19]  Xu Hou,et al.  A biomimetic asymmetric responsive single nanochannel. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[20]  Yuyan Shao,et al.  Constraint of DNA on functionalized graphene improves its biostability and specificity. , 2010, Small.

[21]  C. Macosko,et al.  Graphene/Polyurethane Nanocomposites for Improved Gas Barrier and Electrical Conductivity , 2010 .

[22]  Chunhai Fan,et al.  A Graphene Nanoprobe for Rapid, Sensitive, and Multicolor Fluorescent DNA Analysis , 2010 .

[23]  Xingguo Liang,et al.  A supra-photoswitch involving sandwiched DNA base pairs and azobenzenes for light-driven nanostructures and nanodevices. , 2009, Small.

[24]  Huang-Hao Yang,et al.  A graphene platform for sensing biomolecules. , 2009, Angewandte Chemie.

[25]  K. Hebert,et al.  The role of viscous flow of oxide in the growth of self-ordered porous anodic alumina films. , 2009, Nature materials.

[26]  N. Mohanty,et al.  Graphene-based single-bacterium resolution biodevice and DNA transistor: interfacing graphene derivatives with nanoscale and microscale biocomponents. , 2008, Nano letters.

[27]  Wei Chen,et al.  Porous anodic alumina with continuously manipulated pore/cell size. , 2008, ACS nano.

[28]  Yu-Ming Lin,et al.  Formation of Thick Porous Anodic Alumina Films and Nanowire Arrays on Silicon Wafers and Glass , 2003 .

[29]  D. Oprian,et al.  Opsin activation as a cause of congenital night blindness , 2003, Nature Neuroscience.

[30]  T. Dryja,et al.  Defects in the rhodopsin kinase gene in the Oguchi form of stationary night blindness , 1997, Nature Genetics.

[31]  G WALD,et al.  Human Rhodopsin , 1958, Science.