Multidimensional aspects of GeoBIM data: new standards needed

The standard design tools for buildings and civil engineering infrastructure are not prepared for working with real world subsurface information that originate from the 3D geological and geotechnical models. Also GIS standards (as the OGC standard CityGML) or BIM standards (as IFC) are not ready for that. That is why it recently attains attention to study how 3D subsurface data can be processed in architectural design software (BIM) and in GIS/CAD by combining single standards. However, to offer required information in the best possible way for the users of both, above ground and subsurface applications, extensions to existing standards are required.

[1]  S. Zlatanova,et al.  Information management in civil engineering infrastructural development: With focus on geological and geotechnical information , 2009 .

[2]  Robert MARSCHALLINGER,et al.  The Gschliefgraben Landslide ( Austria ) : A Remediation Approach involving Torrent and Avalanche Control , Geology , Geophysics , Geotechnics and Geoinformatics , 2009 .

[3]  Jantien Stoter,et al.  Aspects of a 4D cadastre : a first exploration , 2006 .

[4]  Gernot Beer.  UCIS – Underground Construction Information System , 2009 .

[5]  T. R. Fisher,et al.  Rational splines and multidimensional geologic modeling , 1992 .

[6]  D. F. Rogers,et al.  An Introduction to NURBS: With Historical Perspective , 2011 .

[7]  David F. Rogers,et al.  An Introduction to NURBS , 2000 .

[8]  Holger Kessler,et al.  The capture and dissemination of integrated 3D geospatial knowledge at the British Geological Survey using GSI3D software and methodology , 2009, Comput. Geosci..

[9]  Jonathan Raper,et al.  Let's get real: spatio-temporal identity and geographic entities , 2001 .

[10]  G. F Wade.  Computer graphics in geology: Edited by R. Pflug and J. W. Harbaugh, 1992, Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences 41, 298 p., DM98, ISBN 3-540-55190-5. , 1993 .

[11]  Thomas H. Kolbe,et al.  Representing and Exchanging 3D City Models with CityGML , 2009 .

[12]  Max J. Egenhofer,et al.  Identity-based change: a foundation for spatio-temporal knowledge representation , 2000, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[13]  Donna J. Peuquet,et al.  Representations of space and time , 2002 .

[14]  Marcus Apel,et al.  From 3d geomodelling systems towards 3d geoscience information systems: Data model, query functionality, and data management , 2006, Comput. Geosci..