Superoleophilic and Superhydrophobic Inverse Opals for Oil Sensors

An inverse opal with both superoleophilic (oil contact angle (CA), 5.1° ± 1.2°) and superhydrophobic (water CA, 153.8° ± 1.2°) properties is fabricated using a phenolic resin (PR) as precursor and poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) (poly(St-MMA-AA)) colloidal crystals as templates. The stopband of the inverse opal can shift reversibly upon sorption of oils, whereby the peak position is a linear function of the refractive index of the adsorbed oil, e.g., a variation in refractive index of 0.02 will result in a stopband shift of 26 nm. Therefore, the inverse opals show a high sensitivity and selectivity for different petroleum oils. Moreover, as-prepared PR inverse opals show excellent oil-sensing stability in cyclic sorption experiments, which suggests a promising and economical alternative to traditional oil-sensing materials, and will provide a new approach to in situ petroleum monitoring and detection.

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