Applications of Programmed Learning Principles to the Preparation of Television Lessons in Elementary Science and Mathematics.

Abstract The investigation was undertaken as a study of four questions. 1. Can techniques of programmed learning be applied to the preparation of television lessons? Instructional television and programmed learning may be considered incompatible with each other. For most writers, a criterial feature of programmed learning is that it is individually self‐paced. Furthermore, programmed learning is typically verbal. It involves setting objectives, analysis of tasks, provision for active responding and feedback and requires validation trials which lead to modifications. On the other hand, television is essentially visual, is notoriously deficient in feedback and in audience participation and is tied to tight studio schedules. Attempting to integrate the two might well be inimical to both though on the other hand they might be mutually enhancing. 2. Validation of television productions would seem to require extra studio time and facilities for repeated viewing of successively modified versions of the programs....