Measurement of flame lengths under ceilings

Abstract Measurements of luminous flame extensions beneath ceilings under steady burning conditions are presented. Tests were conducted using both axisymmetric and corner-wall-ceiling configurations for a range of energy supply rates up to 400 kW and burner-to-ceiling heights up to 2·3 m. Flame length observations, which were made both visually and photographically, are expressed in dimensional and in nondimensional terms. Comparisons are made with previous measurements reported in the literature.