Parking permits management and optimal parking supply considering traffic emission cost

Abstract Given a many-to-one bi-modal transportation network where each origin is connected to the destination by a bottleneck-constrained highway and a parallel transit line, we investigate the parking permit management methods to minimize traffic time cost and traffic emission cost simultaneously. More importantly, the optimal supply of parking spots is also discussed in the policies of parking permit. First, we derive the total travel costs and emission costs for the two cases of sufficient and insufficient parking spot provisions at the destination. Second, we propose a bi-objective model and solve the Pareto optimal parking permit distribution, given a certain level of parking supply. Third, we investigate the optimal parking supply in the policy of parking permit distribution, with the objectives of minimizing both total travel cost and traffic emission. Fourth, we provide a model of optimizing parking supply, in the policy of free trading of parking permits. Finally, the numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of these schemes, and the numerical results show that restricting parking supply at the city center could be efficient to reduce traffic emission.

[1]  Hai Yang,et al.  A novel permit scheme for managing parking competition and bottleneck congestion , 2014 .

[2]  Takatoshi Tabuchi,et al.  Bottleneck Congestion and Modal Split , 1993 .

[3]  S. Lawphongpanich,et al.  Internalizing Emission Externality on Road Networks , 2006 .

[4]  Yafeng Yin,et al.  Expirable parking reservations for managing morning commute with parking space constraints , 2014 .

[5]  Yafeng Yin,et al.  Robust signal timing optimization with environmental concerns , 2013 .

[6]  R Smit,et al.  Technical note: use of microscopic simulation models to predict traffic emissions , 2009 .

[7]  Hai Yang,et al.  Managing congestion and emissions in road networks with tolls and rebates , 2012 .

[8]  O. Johansson,et al.  Optimal road-pricing: Simultaneous treatment of time losses, increased fuel consumption, and emissions , 1997 .

[9]  Kenneth A. Small,et al.  THE SCHEDULING OF CONSUMER ACTIVITIES: WORK TRIPS , 1982 .

[10]  A. Palma,et al.  A STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PEAK-PERIOD CONGESTION: A TRAFFIC BOTTLENECK WITH ELASTIC DEMAND. IN: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TRANSPORT ECONOMICS , 1993 .

[11]  Pierre Cariou,et al.  The effectiveness of a European speed limit versus an international bunker-levy to reduce CO2 emissions from container shipping , 2012 .

[12]  R. Smokers,et al.  A new modelling approach for road traffic emissions : VERSIT+ , 2007 .

[13]  Hai Yang,et al.  On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints , 2013 .

[14]  H. Christopher Frey,et al.  Integrating a simplified emission estimation model and mesoscopic dynamic traffic simulator to efficiently evaluate emission impacts of traffic management strategies , 2015 .

[15]  Hong Kam Lo,et al.  Optimal bus fleet management strategy for emissions reduction , 2015 .

[16]  Wei Liu,et al.  Effectiveness of variable speed limits considering commuters’ long-term response , 2015 .

[17]  Gilbert Laporte,et al.  The time-dependent pollution-routing problem , 2013 .

[18]  Xiaoning Zhang,et al.  Improving travel efficiency by parking permits distribution and trading , 2011 .

[19]  Arnaud Can,et al.  Assessment of the impact of speed limit reduction and traffic signal coordination on vehicle emissions using an integrated approach , 2011 .

[20]  Scott J. Callan,et al.  Environmental Economics and Management: Theory, Policy, and Applications , 1995 .

[21]  Hai-Jun Huang,et al.  Influences of the driver’s bounded rationality on micro driving behavior, fuel consumption and emissions , 2015 .