Use of system approaches for transmission open access pricing

The Latin American deregulated markets have based their open access schemes on a concept that considers a multilateral use of the transmission system, with all agents contributing to the financing of a common network based on physical and economic usage, irrespective of commercial arrangements. The paper describes the concept and the existing schemes and contributes with the formulation of alternative numerical approaches for open access pricing, taking into account energy and capacity use of the system by the participant agents. Distribution factors based on DC power flows are the basic elements of the formulation, which is built based on different physical and economic considerations. The approaches are numerically evaluated in the Chilean main interconnected electrical system, with a comparison of the resultant impacts on generators and consumers.