Enhancing Immunity of Full-Cycle Discrete Fourier Transform Against Decaying DC Components: a Comparative Analysis

Decaying DC terms of the fault current signal indisputably affect the accuracy of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based fundamental phasor estimators of digital relays. This effects will lead to delay in the best case and mal operation in the worst case of the protective relays and it may threat the reliability and security of the power system. This paper aims to conduct a comparative analysis between some decaying DC removal filters for enhancing the immunity if full-cycle DFT against decaying DC components. This paper mainly discusses the effects of DC offsets in the fault current and CT transient responses, harmonics and off-nominal frequency on the performance of DFT. Applying different test signals and also simulated fault current, the effectiveness of the different DC removal filters in combination with DFT is investigated. Analyzing simulation results, it is observed that the DFT phasor estimator should be provided with an algorithm that removes DC offsets due to fault current and CT transient responses under harmonic, noisy and off-nominal frequency conditions.

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