Emergy-based evaluation and improvement for sustainable manufacturing systems considering resource efficiency and environment performance

Abstract Sustainable manufacturing, regarded as resource efficient, environment-friendly and customer satisfaction production, is major driving force for sustainable development. With growing demand for decoupling between resources and world economic development, accelerating sustainable manufacturing has become an important strategy. Therefore, a novel method based on emergy theory is proposed to perform the comprehensive evaluation and improvement of manufacturing systems. Firstly, drivers and challenges are analyzed, and the boundary and connotation of manufacturing systems are defined. Then, an emergy-based calculation model of the energy, material, service and waste is presented considering the variety and dimension of the input and output of manufacturing systems. The model expresses the mechanism of the transfer, coupling and conversion of the emergy for manufacturing systems. Besides, some indicator systems are established including functional emergy indicators, structural emergy indicators, eco-efficiency emergy indicators and sustainability indicators of manufacturing systems. The inner link between the economic, environment and social benefits of manufacturing systems is revealed through these indicators. On this basis, an improvement benchmarking card is developed to achieve the excellent quality, high efficiency, energy reduction, resource saving and environmental protection of manufacturing systems. Finally, a case study illustrates the practicability of the proposed method, and results show that the proposed method provides theoretical support for evaluating and improving the sustainability of manufacturing systems to coordinate the resources and development of the manufacturing industry.

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