Robust beamforming and spatial precoding for quasi-OSTBC massive MIMO communications

This paper considers the problem of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems with quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC) transmission in the presence of spatial correlation effect (SCE) and mutual coupling effect (MCE). Conventional MIMO channels with QOSTBC transmission suffer from several drawbacks. The number of transmit antennas is restricted to a few in order to achieve full transmission rate. Therefore, it is difficult to make a quasi-orthogonal space time block coded massive MIMO system to achieve full transmission rate. Moreover, MIMO channel with QOSTBC transmission is usually considered for the case where the number of user equipments (UEs) is one. We present a joint beamforming and spatial precoding method to deal with the above drawbacks. The proposed method incorporates a beamforming scheme and spatial precoding to formulate an appropriate optimization process to effectively alleviate the considered problems. The resulting optimization problem will be solved by using a cooperative coevolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm under two proposed fitness functions. During the optimization process, the proposed method finds the optimal beamforming coefficients of the precoding matrix, the optimal normalized positions of transmit and receive antenna elements for the case of using linear antenna arrays, and the optimal angle differences of transmit and receive antenna elements for the case of using circular arrays. Based on the proposed method, we are able to cure the performance degradation of a quasi-orthogonal space time block coded massive MIMO system due to the SCE and MCE. Moreover, the proposed method makes QOSTBC MIMO communications with full transmission rate for any number of transmit antennas achievable. Several simulation examples are presented to show the superior bit error rate (BER) performances of QOSTBC wireless MIMO scenarios with linear as well as circular antenna arrays by using the proposed method as compared to the existing methods.

[1]  Joseph M. Kahn,et al.  Fading correlation and its effect on the capacity of multi-element antenna systems , 1998, ICUPC '98. IEEE 1998 International Conference on Universal Personal Communications. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98TH8384).

[2]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Linear precoding of STBC over correlated ricean MIMO channels , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[3]  David Tse,et al.  Fundamentals of Wireless Communication , 2005 .

[4]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Spatially Sparse Precoding in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[5]  Hamid Jafarkhani.  A quasi-orthogonal space-time block code , 2001, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[6]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time block codes from orthogonal designs , 1999, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[7]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Quantized Feedback-Based Diagonal Precoding for $N \times 1$ MISO System With Generalized Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[8]  Matthew R. McKay,et al.  Capacity of MIMO Systems With Mutual Coupling: Transmitter Optimization With Dual Power Constraints , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[9]  Thomas L. Marzetta,et al.  Noncooperative Cellular Wireless with Unlimited Numbers of Base Station Antennas , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[10]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  A Generalized Spatial Correlation Model for 3D MIMO Channels Based on the Fourier Coefficients of Power Spectrums , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[11]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Simplified Spatial Correlation Models for Clustered MIMO Channels With Different Array Configurations , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[12]  K. ArtiM..  OSTBC Transmission in Large MIMO Systems , 2016, IEEE Commun. Lett..

[13]  Chengwen Xing,et al.  Performance Analysis and Location Optimization for Massive MIMO Systems With Circularly Distributed Antennas , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[14]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-time block coding for wireless communications: performance results , 1999, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[15]  R. Michael Buehrer,et al.  BER performance of a uniform circular array versus a uniform linear array in a mobile radio environment , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[16]  Joseph M. Kahn,et al.  Fading correlation and its effect on the capacity of multielement antenna systems , 2000, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[17]  Erik G. Larsson,et al.  Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems , 2013, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[18]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications : Performance criterion and Code Construction , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[19]  Arti M.K.,et al.  High-rate code design and transmission in large MIMO systems , 2017, 2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix).

[20]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Differential coding for non-orthogonal space-time block codes with non-unitary constellations over arbitrarily correlated rayleigh channels , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[21]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  One Bit Feedback Based Diagonal Precoding for Non-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes , 2015, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[22]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Performance Analysis of Diagonal Precoding for Alamouti STBC over Nakagami-m Fading Channels , 2016, 2016 IEEE 83rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring).

[23]  Manav R. Bhatnagar,et al.  Precoded Differential Orthogonal Space-Time Modulation Over Correlated Ricean MIMO Channels , 2008, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[24]  M K Arti.  A Space-Time Transmission Scheme for Large MIMO Systems , 2018 .

[25]  Zhengwei Du,et al.  Reducing Mutual Coupling of MIMO Antennas With Parasitic Elements for Mobile Terminals , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[26]  Tsuyoshi Murata,et al.  {m , 1934, ACML.

[27]  Siavash M. Alamouti,et al.  A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[28]  Constantine A. Balanis,et al.  Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design , 1982 .

[29]  Ju-Hong Lee,et al.  Optimal beamforming-selection spatial precoding using population-based stochastic optimization for massive wireless MIMO communication systems , 2017, J. Frankl. Inst..

[30]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  Performance Analysis of Compact FD-MIMO Antenna Arrays in a Correlated Environment , 2017, IEEE Access.

[31]  Erdem Koyuncu,et al.  Performance Gains of Optimal Antenna Deployment for Massive MIMO Systems , 2017, GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

[32]  Changhe Li,et al.  A General Framework of Multipopulation Methods With Clustering in Undetectable Dynamic Environments , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation.

[33]  Borching Su,et al.  Beamforming-based spatial precoding in FDD massive MIMO systems , 2014, 2014 48th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers.

[34]  Xiaodong Li,et al.  Cooperatively Coevolving Particle Swarms for Large Scale Optimization , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation.

[35]  Ran Gozali,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications , 2002 .

[36]  Teng Joon Lim,et al.  Joint precoding and beamforming design for the downlink in a multiuser MIMO system , 2005, WiMob'2005), IEEE International Conference on Wireless And Mobile Computing, Networking And Communications, 2005..