Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) for a New Medicinal: a Review of Pharmacological and Compound Analysis

Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (Rubiaceae) a tree found in Southeast Asia (Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. Traditionally, the Mitragyna speciosa was used to alleviate pain, hypertension, cough, diarrhea, and as a substitute for morphine in treating addicts. Association of Southeast Asian Nations refers to kratom as a drug. Kratom contains more than 40 types of alkaloids, including Mitragynine speciosa, as many as (66.2%) and their derivatives, speciogynine (6.6%), speciociliatine (0.8%), paynantheine (8.6%), 7-hydroxymitragynine (2%). The article was created to provide information related to the pharmacological effects of kratom, kratom compound analysis, and the potential of compounds from kratom to become new drugs. The method used in this research is to review and analyze kratom articles from research papers, bibliographic reviews, and case reports included, research conducted in Indonesia and in English. The main purpose of this review is not only to understand the chemical content, benefits of kratom, and analytical methodologies for analysis, but also the use of kratom secondary metabolites as therapeutic drugs and the side effects caused by kratom, to help health professionals assess the content of compounds from kratom worthy of

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