Nonlinear Stability and Transition in 3-D Boundary Layers

The important recent progress in three-dimensional boundary-layer transition research is reviewed with emphasis on the crossflow instability that leads to transition on swept wings with a favorable pressure gradient. Following a brief overview of swept-wing instability mechanisms and the crossflow problem, a summary of the important findings of the 1990s is given. The discussion is presented from the experimental viewpoint, and where appropriate, relevant comparisons with CFD are drawn. The recent research conducted with distributed roughness is described in more detail in order to underscore the latest developments concerning nonlinear effects and transition control.Sommario. I recenti importanti sviluppi sullo studio della tansizione in uno strato limite tridimensionale sono esaminati con particolare attenzione alla instabilità trasversale che conduce alla transizione su ali a freccia con gradiente di pressione favorevole. Dopo una breve descrizione dei meccanismi di instabilità sulle ali a freccia viene dato un riassunto degli importanti progressi ottenuti negli anni '90. La discussione è presentata dal punto di vista sperimentale e, ove appropriato, sono riportati confronti con la simulazione numerica. La recente ricerca, condotta con rugosità distribuita,è descritta con maggiore dettaglio allo scopo di presentare gli ultimi sviluppi concernenti gli effetti non lineari ed il controllo della transizione.

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