Urban Sprawl of greater Cairo and its Impact on the Agricultural Land Using Remote Sensing and Digital Soil Map

Urban sprawl is one of the main problems that threaten the limited highly fertile land of Egypt. In this research, satellite images of Land sat TM 1992 and Egypt-sat-1, 2009 has been used to study the urban sprawl and its impact on agricultural land in Cairo and Giza. Maximum likelihood supervised classification, and hybrid classification using ancillary data, visual interpretation and expert knowledge of this area through GIS further refined the classification results. Post-classification change detection techniques were applied for monitoring the urban sprawl in the study area. Ground truth collected during several field trips conducted in 2009 and topographic map of 1992 was used to assess the accuracy of the classification results. Using ancillary data, visual interpretation and expert knowledge of the area through GIS further refined the classification results. Post-classification change detection technique was used to produce change image through cross-tabulation. Combining the soil and land capability maps, in one hand, and the urban thematic layers, in other hand, using GIS, made it possible to point out the risk of urban expansion at the expense of the highly capability class. During the (1992 – 2009) period, the high capable soils (Class I) decreased from 615.2 to 494.2 km (19.7 % of the total area). The moderate capable soils decreased from 145.9 to 122.2 km (16.2 %), while the marginally capable soils decreased from 1558.3 to 1440.1 km (7.6 %), during the same period. The urban settlement increased from 244.8 to 740.7 km, representing 202.5 % of the total area

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