Adaptive filters suitable for real-time spectral analysis

New cascade structures for adaptive filters are presented. They are especially suitable for real-time applications. Since the new structures are intended to be realized using single-chip DSP ICs or single-chip custom VLSI circuits, the requirements for memory and divisions are minimized. The new structures are based on state-variable biquads that in addition to having good SNRs and low sensitivities (for fixed-point implementations) can also have their resonant frequencies and Q-factors independently tuned. The special cases of using the adaptive filters for tracking sinusoids corrupted by noise and for formant based speech compression are described in detail.

[1]  M. Morf,et al.  A classification of algorithms for ARMA models and ladder realizations , 1977 .

[2]  K. Martin.  Improved circuits for the realization of switched-capacitor filters , 1980 .

[3]  Leland B. Jackson,et al.  An adaptive inverse digital filter for formant analysis of speech , 1976, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[4]  Andreas Antoniou,et al.  Improved GIC digital filter structures , 1983 .

[5]  K. Martin,et al.  Exact design of switched-capacitor bandpass filters using coupled-biquad structures , 1980 .

[6]  L. Bruton.  Low-sensitivity digital ladder filters , 1975 .

[7]  L. Griffiths.  A continuously-adaptive filter implemented as a lattice structure , 1977 .

[8]  Leonid G. Kazovsky,et al.  Adaptive filters with individual adaptation of parameters , 1986 .

[9]  J. Tow.  Active RC filters—A state-space realization , 1968 .

[10]  Charles M. Rader,et al.  Effects of parameter quantization on the poles of a digital filter , 1967 .

[11]  A. Fettweis.  On the connection between multiplier word length limitation and roundoff noise in digital filters , 1972 .

[12]  A. Fettweis.  Roundoff noise and attenuation sensitivity in digital filters with fixed-point arithmetic , 1973 .

[13]  B. Widrow,et al.  Adaptive noise cancelling: Principles and applications , 1975 .

[14]  John Makhoul.  New lattice methods for linear prediction , 1976, ICASSP.

[15]  Ramesh C. Agarwal,et al.  New recursive digital filter structures having very low sensitivity and roundoff noise , 1975 .

[16]  L. Griffiths.  Rapid measurement of digital instantaneous frequency , 1975 .

[17]  Aaron E. Rosenberg,et al.  A subjective evaluation of pitch detection methods using LPC synthesized speech , 1977 .

[18]  B Gold,et al.  Parallel processing techniques for estimating pitch periods of speech in the time domain. , 1969, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[19]  Lloyd J. Griffiths,et al.  An adaptive lattice structure for noise-cancelling applications , 1978, ICASSP.

[20]  Adel S. Sedra,et al.  Filter Theory and Design: Active and Passive , 1977 .

[21]  M. Sablatash,et al.  A Tellegen's Thorem for Digital Filters , 1971, IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory.

[22]  Aaron E. Rosenberg,et al.  A comparative performance study of several pitch detection algorithms , 1976 .