Impact of Platinum Loading and Catalyst Layer Structure on PEMFC Performance

For a hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicle to be cost competitive, Pt loading must be reduced to lower than 0.15 gPt kW. Therefore, fuel cell researchers are exploring the limits of Pt loading with established catalyst structures in parallel with advanced catalyst research. It is observed that reducing the cathode Pt loading results in significant voltage loss, which can be partly explained by the Pt-oxide coverage dependent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. For ionomer coated catalysts, an additional transport resistance from the electrode pore to the Pt surface (i.e. local resistance) has been reported that is much higher than oxygen permeability through bulk ionomer.

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