Responsiveness and consistency tradeoffs in interactive groupware

Interactive (or Synchronous) groupware is increasingly be ing deployed in widely distributed environments. Users of such applications are accustomed to direct manipulation in terfaces that require fast response time. The state that enables interaction among distributed users can be replicate d to provide acceptable response time in the presence of high communication latencies. We describe and evaluate design choices for protocols that maintain consistency of such sta te. In particular, we develop workloads which model user actions, identify the metrics important from a user's viewpoi nt, and do detailed simulations of a number of protocols to evaluate how effective they are in meeting user requirements.

[1]  Atul Prakash,et al.  Concurrency control and view notification algorithms for collaborative replicated objects , 1997, Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems.

[2]  Guruduth Banavar,et al.  Responsiveness and consistency tradeoffs in interactive groupware , 1998, CSCW '98.

[3]  B. Schneiderman,et al.  Designing the User Interface. Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction , 1992 .

[4]  Atul Prakash,et al.  DistView: support for building efficient collaborative applications using replicated objects , 1994, CSCW '94.

[5]  Allen Newell,et al.  The psychology of human-computer interaction , 1983 .

[6]  Dave Collins,et al.  Designing Object-Oriented User Interfaces , 1995 .

[7]  Leslie Lamport,et al.  Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system , 1978, CACM.

[8]  Saul Greenberg,et al.  Real time groupware as a distributed system: concurrency control and its effect on the interface , 1994, CSCW '94.

[9]  Maurice Herlihy,et al.  Apologizing versus asking permission: optimistic concurrency control for abstract data types , 1990, TODS.

[10]  Mustaque Ahamad,et al.  Flexible batching and consistency mechanisms for building interactive groupware applications , 1998, Proceedings. 18th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (Cat. No.98CB36183).

[11]  Stuart Cheshire,et al.  Latency and the quest for interactivity , 1996 .

[12]  Clarence A. Ellis,et al.  Concurrency control in groupware systems , 1989, SIGMOD '89.

[13]  Mustaque Ahamad,et al.  The Design Space for Data Replication Algorithms in Interactive Groupware , 1998 .

[14]  Alain Karsenty,et al.  An algorithm for distributed groupware applications , 1993, [1993] Proceedings. The 13th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems.

[15]  Jörg M. Haake,et al.  Designing object-oriented synchronous groupware with COAST , 1996, CSCW '96.

[16]  LamportLeslie.  Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system , 1978 .

[17]  I. Scott MacKenzie,et al.  Lag as a determinant of human performance in interactive systems , 1993, INTERCHI.

[18]  Prasun Dewan,et al.  A concurrency control framework for collaborative systems , 1996, CSCW '96.

[19]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction , 1998 .