Darned in 2013: inclusion of model organisms and linking with Wikipedia

DARNED (DAtabase of RNa EDiting, available at http://darned.ucc.ie) is a centralized repository of reference genome coordinates corresponding to RNA nucleotides having altered templated identities in the process of RNA editing. The data in DARNED are derived from published datasets of RNA editing events. RNA editing instances have been identified with various methods, such as bioinformatics screenings, deep sequencing and/or biochemical techniques. Here we report our current progress in the development and expansion of the DARNED. In addition to novel database features the DARNED update describes inclusion of Drosophila melanogaster and Mus musculus RNA editing events and the launch of a community-based annotation in the RNA WikiProject.

[1]  Z W Gu,et al.  Apolipoprotein B-48 is the product of a messenger RNA with an organ-specific in-frame stop codon. , 1987, Science.

[2]  R. Pease,et al.  A novel form of tissue-specific RNA processing produces apolipoprotein-B48 in intestine , 1987, Cell.

[3]  E. Myers,et al.  Basic local alignment search tool. , 1990, Journal of molecular biology.

[4]  E M Southern,et al.  Studies on the base pairing properties of deoxyinosine by solid phase hybridisation to oligonucleotides. , 1994, Nucleic acids research.

[5]  T. Dawson,et al.  Regulation of alternative splicing by RNA editing , 1999, Nature.

[6]  M. O’Connell,et al.  The many roles of an RNA editor , 2001, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[7]  J. Gott,et al.  Non‐templated addition of nucleotides to the 3′ end of nascent RNA during RNA editing in Physarum , 2001, The EMBO journal.

[8]  Nicholas O. Davidson,et al.  C-to-U RNA Editing: Mechanisms Leading to Genetic Diversity* , 2003, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[9]  T. Matise,et al.  Widespread RNA editing of embedded alu elements in the human transcriptome. , 2004, Genome research.

[10]  Zipora Y. Fligelman,et al.  Systematic identification of abundant A-to-I editing sites in the human transcriptome , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[11]  Alexander Rich,et al.  Widespread A-to-I RNA Editing of Alu-Containing mRNAs in the Human Transcriptome , 2004, PLoS biology.

[12]  Erez Y. Levanon,et al.  Evolutionarily conserved human targets of adenosine to inosine RNA editing , 2005, Nucleic acids research.

[13]  Anton J. Enright,et al.  RNA editing of human microRNAs , 2006, Genome Biology.

[14]  Achim Schnaufer,et al.  Complex management: RNA editing in trypanosomes. , 2005, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[15]  Eli Eisenberg,et al.  RNA editing level in the mouse is determined by the genomic repeat repertoire. , 2006, RNA.

[16]  Marie Öhman,et al.  RNA editing and alternative splicing: the importance of co‐transcriptional coordination , 2006, EMBO reports.

[17]  P. Seeburg,et al.  Modulation of microRNA processing and expression through RNA editing by ADAR deaminases , 2006, Nature Structural &Molecular Biology.

[18]  P. Beal,et al.  Breaking the central dogma by RNA editing. , 2006, Chemical reviews.

[19]  T. Mikkelsen,et al.  Altered adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in human cancer. , 2007, Genome research.

[20]  Robert D. Finn,et al.  ProServer: a simple, extensible Perl DAS server , 2007, Bioinform..

[21]  Molly Megraw,et al.  Frequency and fate of microRNA editing in human brain , 2008, Nucleic acids research.

[22]  J. Tate,et al.  The RNA WikiProject: community annotation of RNA families. , 2008, RNA.

[23]  J. Mattick,et al.  RNA editing, DNA recoding and the evolution of human cognition , 2008, Trends in Neurosciences.

[24]  A. Brennicke,et al.  The process of RNA editing in plant mitochondria. , 2008, Mitochondrion.

[25]  S. Maas,et al.  Screening of human SNP database identifies recoding sites of A-to-I RNA editing. , 2008, RNA.

[26]  Yiannis A. Savva,et al.  Enhancing non-coding RNA information content with ADAR editing , 2009, Neuroscience Letters.

[27]  G. Church,et al.  Genome-Wide Identification of Human RNA Editing Sites by Parallel DNA Capturing and Sequencing , 2009, Science.

[28]  E. Nevo,et al.  Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing shapes transcriptome diversity in primates , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[29]  H. Ueda,et al.  Inosine cyanoethylation identifies A-to-I RNA editing sites in the human transcriptome. , 2010, Nature chemical biology.

[30]  Pavel V. Baranov,et al.  DARNED: a DAtabase of RNa EDiting in humans , 2010, Bioinform..

[31]  K. Nishikura Functions and regulation of RNA editing by ADAR deaminases. , 2010, Annual review of biochemistry.

[32]  P. Baranov,et al.  Identification of A-to-I RNA editing: Dotting the i’s in the human transcriptome , 2011, Biochemistry (Moscow).

[33]  Bjorn-Erik Wulff,et al.  Elucidating the inosinome: global approaches to adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing , 2011, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[34]  Guihai Feng,et al.  Computational Detection and Functional Analysis of Human Tissue-Specific A-to-I RNA Editing , 2011, PloS one.

[35]  Mingyao Li,et al.  Widespread RNA and DNA Sequence Differences in the Human Transcriptome , 2011, Science.

[36]  H. P. Kang,et al.  Extensive genomic and transcriptional diversity identified through massively parallel DNA and RNA sequencing of eighteen Korean individuals , 2011, Nature Genetics.

[37]  Erez Y. Levanon,et al.  Identification of Widespread Ultra-Edited Human RNAs , 2011, PLoS genetics.

[38]  Heinz Feldmann,et al.  A New Ebola Virus Nonstructural Glycoprotein Expressed through RNA Editing , 2011, Journal of Virology.

[39]  B. Graveley The developmental transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster , 2010, Nature.

[40]  Robert D. Finn,et al.  Rfam: Wikipedia, clans and the “decimal” release , 2010, Nucleic Acids Res..

[41]  M. Borodovsky,et al.  A pilot study of bacterial genes with disrupted ORFs reveals a surprising profusion of protein sequence recoding mediated by ribosomal frameshifting and transcriptional realignment. , 2011, Molecular biology and evolution.

[42]  Matthew W. Hahn,et al.  Very Few RNA and DNA Sequence Differences in the Human Transcriptome , 2011, PloS one.

[43]  R. Aphasizhev,et al.  Uridine insertion/deletion editing in trypanosomes: a playground for RNA‐guided information transfer , 2011, Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA.

[44]  Michael M. Mwangi,et al.  Transcriptome-wide sequencing reveals numerous APOBEC1 mRNA editing targets in transcript 3′ UTRs , 2010, Nature Structural &Molecular Biology.

[45]  Jin Billy Li,et al.  Accurate identification of human Alu and non-Alu RNA editing sites , 2012, Nature Methods.

[46]  M. Rosbash,et al.  Nascent-seq indicates widespread cotranscriptional RNA editing in Drosophila. , 2012, Molecular cell.

[47]  Wenwei Zhang,et al.  Comprehensive analysis of RNA-Seq data reveals extensive RNA editing in a human transcriptome , 2012, Nature Biotechnology.

[48]  Matthew A. Hibbs,et al.  Canonical A-to-I and C-to-U RNA Editing Is Enriched at 3′UTRs and microRNA Target Sites in Multiple Mouse Tissues , 2012, PloS one.

[49]  Jin Billy Li,et al.  Comment on “Widespread RNA and DNA Sequence Differences in the Human Transcriptome” , 2012, Science.

[50]  S. Maas Posttranscriptional recoding by RNA editing. , 2012, Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology.

[51]  Gautier Koscielny,et al.  Ensembl 2012 , 2011, Nucleic Acids Res..

[52]  Richard Durbin,et al.  High levels of RNA-editing site conservation amongst 15 laboratory mouse strains , 2012, Genome Biology.

[53]  Robert D. Finn,et al.  Making your database available through Wikipedia: the pros and cons , 2011, Nucleic Acids Res..

[54]  Jae-Hyung Lee,et al.  Accurate identification of A-to-I RNA editing in human by transcriptome sequencing. , 2012, Genome research.

[55]  Mary Goldman,et al.  The UCSC Genome Browser database: extensions and updates 2011 , 2011, Nucleic Acids Res..

[56]  Mary Goldman,et al.  The UCSC Genome Browser database: extensions and updates 2013 , 2012, Nucleic Acids Res..

[57]  G. Hong,et al.  Nucleic Acids Research , 2015, Nucleic Acids Research.