Using rapid prototyping molds to create patient specific polymethylmethacrylate implants in cranioplasty

Cranioplasty is a commonly performed procedure. Outcomes can be improved by the use of patient specific implants, however, high costs limit their accessibility. This paper presents a low cost alternative technique to create patient specific polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants using rapid prototyped mold template. We used available patient's CT-scans, one dataset without craniotomy and one with craniotomy, for computer-assisted design of a 3D mold template, which itself can be brought into the operating room and be used for fast and easy building of a PMMA implant. We applied our solution to three patients with positive outcomes and no complications.

[1]  W. Saringer,et al.  Cranioplasty with Individual Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymere (CFRP) Medical Grade Implants Based on CAD/CAM Technique , 2002, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[2]  J. Wulf,et al.  Temperature elevation during simulated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasty in a cadaver model , 2010, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience.

[3]  Marcelo Coelho Goiato,et al.  Reconstruction of skull defects: currently available materials. , 2009, The Journal of craniofacial surgery.

[4]  Bizhan Aarabi,et al.  Outcome following decompressive craniectomy for malignant swelling due to severe head injury. , 2006, Journal of neurosurgery.

[5]  Uwe Gbureck,et al.  3D powder printed calcium phosphate implants for reconstruction of cranial and maxillofacial defects. , 2010, Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.

[6]  J Gordon McComb,et al.  Correction of Large (>25 cm2) Cranial Defects with “Reinforced” Hydroxyapatite Cement: Technique and Complications , 2003, Neurosurgery.

[7]  Martin Klein,et al.  Long-term results following titanium cranioplasty of large skull defects. , 2009, Neurosurgical focus.

[8]  D. Dean,et al.  Computer Aided Design of Large-Format Prefabricated Cranial Plates , 2003, The Journal of craniofacial surgery.

[9]  D. Marchac,et al.  Long-term experience with methylmethacrylate cranioplasty in craniofacial surgery. , 2008, Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS.