Technical Note: A proposal for ice nucleation terminology

Abstract. Terminology dealing with ice nucleation in the atmosphere, in biological systems, and in other areas has not kept pace with the growth of empirical evidence and the development of new ideas over recent decades. Ambiguities and misinterpretations could be seen in the literature. This paper offers a set of definitions for various terms in common use, adds some qualifications, and introduces some new ones. Input has been received on the interpretation of various terms from a fair number of researchers; diverse views have been accommodated with some success. It is anticipated that the terminology proposed here will be helpful both to those who adopt it and to those who wish to explain a different perspective.

[1]  A. Ekman,et al.  A theory‐based parameterization for heterogeneous ice nucleation and implications for the simulation of ice processes in atmospheric models , 2015 .

[2]  G. Vali,et al.  Time-dependent freezing rate parcel model , 2014 .

[3]  G. Vali,et al.  Ice nucleation terminology , 2014 .

[4]  J. Curry,et al.  Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Microphysics of Clouds , 2014 .

[5]  B. Murray,et al.  Representing time-dependent freezing behaviour in immersion mode ice nucleation , 2014 .

[6]  T. Clauss,et al.  Kaolinite particles as ice nuclei: learning from the use of different kaolinite samples and different coatings , 2014 .

[7]  G. Vali Interpretation of freezing nucleation experiments: singular and stochastic; sites and surfaces , 2014 .

[8]  J. Voigtländer,et al.  A computationally efficient description of heterogeneous freezing: A simplified version of the Soccer ball model , 2014 .

[9]  P. Alpert,et al.  A water activity based model of heterogeneous ice nucleation kinetics for freezing of water and aqueous solution droplets. , 2013, Faraday discussions.

[10]  C. Marcolli Deposition nucleation viewed as homogeneous or immersion freezing in pores and cavities , 2013 .

[11]  Timothy P. Wright,et al.  The role of time in heterogeneous freezing nucleation , 2013 .

[12]  U. Lohmann,et al.  Time dependence of immersion freezing: an experimental study on size selected kaolinite particles , 2012 .

[13]  Corinna Hoose,et al.  Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments , 2012 .

[14]  B. Murray,et al.  Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets. , 2012, Chemical Society reviews.

[15]  J. Voigtländer,et al.  Immersion freezing of ice nucleation active protein complexes , 2012 .

[16]  Paul J. DeMott,et al.  A Particle-Surface-Area-Based Parameterization of Immersion Freezing on Desert Dust Particles , 2012 .

[17]  Susan Hartmann,et al.  Heterogeneous ice nucleation: exploring the transition from stochastic to singular freezing behavior , 2011 .

[18]  T. L. Malkin,et al.  Review for the manuscript : Immersion mode heterogeneous ice nucleation by an illite rich powder representative of atmospheric mineral dust , 2022 .

[19]  E. Jensen,et al.  Homogeneous nucleation of amorphous solid water particles in the upper mesosphere , 2010 .

[20]  Martin Gallagher,et al.  Studies of heterogeneous freezing by three different desert dust samples , 2009 .

[21]  G. Vali Repeatability and randomness in heterogeneous freezing nucleation , 2008 .

[22]  T. Peter,et al.  Efficiency of immersion mode ice nucleation on surrogates of mineral dust , 2007 .

[23]  A. Heymsfield,et al.  PRODUCTION OF ICE IN TROPOSPHERIC CLOUDS A Review , 2005 .

[24]  A. Durant,et al.  Heterogeneous surface crystallization observed in undercooled water. , 2005, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[25]  B. Luo,et al.  Water activity as the determinant for homogeneous ice nucleation in aqueous solutions , 2000, Nature.

[26]  P. Crutzen,et al.  Freezing of HNO3/H2SO4/H2O Solutions at Stratospheric Temperatures: Nucleation Statistics and Experiments , 1997 .

[27]  B. J. Anderson,et al.  Supersaturation and Time Dependence of Ice Nucleation from the Vapor on Single Crystal Substrates , 1976 .

[28]  G. Vali,et al.  Freezing nucleation in aqueous electrolytes , 1975 .

[29]  G. Vali Quantitative Evaluation of Experimental Results an the Heterogeneous Freezing Nucleation of Supercooled Liquids , 1971 .

[30]  B. J. Mason,et al.  The physics of clouds , 1971 .

[31]  G. Vali,et al.  TIME-DEPENDENT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION OF ICE , 1966 .