Implementation of digital HDTV encoder with parallel sub-picture encoding modules and its joint bit-allocation strategy

Parallel processing is a feasible scheme for a digital HDTV encoder, to get round the dilemma in high-speed digital processing circuitry and real-time compression. This paper suggests an implementation procedure and a novel bit-allocation strategy for a digital high definition television (HDTV) encoder system with parallel processing architecture based on six horizontal strips division. Multiple sub-pictures encoding modules (SEMs) perform MPEG-2 coding respectively and simultaneously. Owing to the inherent deficiencies of MPEG-2 Test Model 5 (TM5) rate control scheme, how to allocate bit-rate among sub-pictures would become an inevitable challenge, which might behave with the coding quality to decrease worse and the buffer to underflow at scene changes, moreover give birth to non-consistent sub-pictures visual quality and dynamic quality variation in a composite HDTV frame on subjective and objective evaluation. We adapt a hierarchical joint optimized bit-allocation with sub-pictures' average complexity measure and average bits per pixel in terms of their average quantization distortion, moreover incorporates scene detection to alleviate a possible worse sub-pictures quality inconsistency. In the paper, we describe an elaborate procedure including general framework, sub-pictures division module, sub-picture encoding module and sub-pictures synthesis module, then deduce the joint bit-allocation strategy for sub-pictures encoding and the auxiliary rate adaptive procedure for scene changes. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed scheme not only alleviates the boundary effect, but also promises the sub-pictures quality consistency. The proposed scheme might be devoted to the multiprogram broadcast application and the multiple access sceneries.