Evidence for late Precambrian to early Cambrian orogeny in northwest Himalaya, Pakistan

Abstract An angular unconformity below Cambrian rocks is present in the northwest Himalaya in the Hazara district, Pakistan. Low-grade metamorphism and folding with axial planar cleavage present in Precambrian rocks below the unconformity, but not in those above it, confirm orogenic deformation at this time. This is the first clear evidence for such a deformation episode and it may be referred to locally as the Hazaran orogeny. Anatectic peraluminous granites of the Himalaya are of only slightly younger age and may be related to this orogenic episode.

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