INVERSION FOR APPLIED GEOPHYSICS: A TUTORIAL

Throughout this book there are numerous cases where geophysics has been used to help solve practical environmental, geotechnical and exploration problems. The typical scenario is first to identify the physical property that is diagnostic of the sought geologic structure or buried object, for example density, seismic velocity, electrical conductivity, or magnetic susceptibility. The appropriate geophysical survey is then designed and field data are acquired and plotted. In some cases the information needed to solve the problem may be obtained directly from these plots, but in most cases more information about the subsurface is required. As an example, consider the magnetic field anomaly map presented in Figure 2. The existence of a buried object, and also approximate horizontal locations, can be inferred directly from that image. The map however, presents no information about the depth of the object or details regarding its shape. To obtain that information the data need to be inverted to generate a 3D subsurface distribution of the magnetic material.

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