Choosing a Management Strategy: Two Structured Decision‐Making Methods for Evaluating the Predictions of Stochastic Simulation Models

We describe two structured decision-making methods-one using a hierarchy of goals and a second using ranking on the sum of weighted criteria-that may be useful for many practical conservation prob- lems, particularly when advisory groups evaluate the output of simulation models. We illustrate both meth- ods by applying them to the problem of choosing a management strategy to address the "mobbing" problem in endangered Hawaiian monk seals. Both methods require estimates of the probabilities of various out- comes, such as a population size of more than 400 seals after 20 years under a specific management regime. We used a simulation model of a small monk seal population to generate these probabilities. Both methods provide an explicit, well-documented, and reproducible decision process that helps justify the decision. Furthermore, they are easy for those untrained in decision analysis to understand and use, they focus discussion on management objectives, they facilitate an examination of trade-offs in the light of multiple