Plasmonic devices based on the dual coupled graphene-integrated ring resonators

We have proposed a couple of plasmonic devices based on graphene sheets and ring resonators. The highly frequency-tunable multi-mode plasmonically induced transparency (PIT) device based on monolayer graphene and rings for the mid-IR region is presented in theory firstly. The multi-mode transparency windows in the spectral responses and slow light effects can be achieved in plasmonic configuration composed of two graphene resonators coupled with single-layer graphene waveguide. By varying the Fermi energy of the graphene, the multi-mode PIT resonance can be dynamic controlled without reoptimizing the geometric parameters of the structures. Based on the coupled mode theory (CMT) and Fabry-Perot (FP), we numerically investigated direct coupling and indirect coupling in the graphene-integrated PIT systems. In addition, the theoretical plasmonic devices based on graphene sheets and ring resonators are also proposed to perform as 1×2 optical spatial switch or ultra -compact Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The finite element method (FEM) is carried on to verify our designs. Those designs may pave the ways for the further development of the compact high-performance plasmonic communication devices.

[1]  W. Barnes,et al.  Surface plasmon subwavelength optics , 2003, Nature.

[2]  Mark L. Brongersma,et al.  Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology , 2006 .

[3]  A. N. Grigorenko,et al.  Graphene plasmonics , 2012, Nature Photonics.

[4]  P. Ajayan,et al.  Gated tunability and hybridization of localized plasmons in nanostructured graphene. , 2013, ACS nano.

[5]  S. Maier,et al.  Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency analogue in terahertz metamaterials , 2012, Nature Communications.

[6]  Hong-Son Chu,et al.  Active plasmonic switching at mid-infrared wavelengths with graphene ribbon arrays , 2013, 1308.6417.

[7]  W. Pan,et al.  Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like transmission in side-coupled complementary split-ring resonators. , 2012, Optics express.

[8]  Andre K. Geim,et al.  Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films , 2004, Science.

[9]  P. Kim,et al.  Dirac charge dynamics in graphene by infrared spectroscopy , 2008, 0807.3780.

[10]  H. Bechtel,et al.  Graphene plasmonics for tunable terahertz metamaterials. , 2011, Nature nanotechnology.

[11]  Zhimin Liu,et al.  Formation and evolution mechanisms of plasmon-induced transparency in MDM waveguide with two stub resonators. , 2013, Optics express.

[12]  Sukosin Thongrattanasiri,et al.  Complete optical absorption in periodically patterned graphene. , 2012, Physical review letters.

[13]  Zongfu Yu,et al.  Plasmonic analog of electromagnetically induced transparency in nanostructure graphene. , 2013, Optics express.

[14]  Jing Guo,et al.  High-contrast electro-optic modulation of spatial light induced by graphene-integrated Fabry-Pérot microcavity , 2014 .

[15]  J. Perruisseau-Carrier,et al.  Design of tunable biperiodic graphene metasurfaces , 2012, 1210.5611.

[16]  George W. Hanson,et al.  Quasi-transverse electromagnetic modes supported by a graphene parallel-plate waveguide , 2008 .

[17]  Y. Wang,et al.  Plasmon-induced transparency in metamaterials. , 2008, Physical review letters.

[18]  P. Kim,et al.  Controlling electron-phonon interactions in graphene at ultrahigh carrier densities. , 2010, Physical review letters.

[19]  T. Krauss.  Why do we need slow light , 2008 .

[20]  Pei Ding,et al.  A novel planar metamaterial design for electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light. , 2013, Optics express.

[21]  P. Asbeck,et al.  Graphene: Status and prospects as a microwave material , 2011, WAMICON 2011 Conference Proceedings.

[22]  J. Marangos,et al.  Electromagnetically induced transparency : Optics in coherent media , 2005 .

[23]  H. Haus,et al.  Coupled-mode theory , 1991, Proc. IEEE.

[24]  J. Teng,et al.  Optical coupling of surface plasmons between graphene sheets , 2012 .

[25]  Carretera de Valencia,et al.  The finite element method in electromagnetics , 2000 .

[26]  Harald Giessen,et al.  Plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency at the Drude damping limit. , 2009, Nature materials.

[27]  Zhen Tian,et al.  Electromagnetically induced transparency in terahertz plasmonic metamaterials via dual excitation pathways of the dark mode , 2012 .

[28]  K. Loh,et al.  Graphene photonics, plasmonics, and broadband optoelectronic devices. , 2012, ACS nano.

[29]  A. Alú,et al.  Atomically thin surface cloak using graphene monolayers. , 2011, ACS nano.

[30]  Jinghua Teng,et al.  Strong coupling of surface plasmon polaritons in monolayer graphene sheet arrays. , 2012, Physical review letters.

[31]  Nader Engheta,et al.  Transformation Optics Using Graphene , 2011, Science.