Approved Genetically Engineered Foods: Types, Properties, and Economic Concerns

A significant amount of research has been performed to investigate the impact of genetically modified foods (GMFs) on human health. GMFs have the potential to solve many of the world’s problems; for example, they can help with the current food crisis and can decrease the pollution rate by reducing the use of pesticides and herbicides since increased pest resistance is one of the most relevant properties of genetically modified organisms. The main goal of this review is to assess the advantages and disadvantages of GMFs (plants and animals) in human consumption and to dissect the economic concerns associated with their use.

[1]  遺伝子組換え, 非組換え大豆のマウス, ラットへの混餌投与による免疫系への影響 , 2000 .

[2]  J. Ma,et al.  Genetically modified plants and human health , 2008, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine.

[3]  K. Oksman-Caldentey,et al.  Unintended effects in genetically modified crops: revealed by metabolomics? , 2006, Trends in biotechnology.

[4]  G. Flachowsky,et al.  Genetically modified feeds in animal nutrition 1st communication: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn in poultry, pig and ruminant nutrition , 2001, Archiv fur Tierernahrung.

[5]  M. Selvaggi,et al.  Genetically Modified Feeds in Poultry Diet: Safety, Performance, and Product Quality , 2015, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[6]  M. Qaim The Economics of Genetically Modified Crops , 2009 .

[7]  C. Benbrook,et al.  Impacts of genetically engineered crops on pesticide use in the U.S. -- the first sixteen years , 2012, Environmental Sciences Europe.

[8]  16 Genetically Modified Foods: Potential Human Health Effects , 2003 .

[9]  E. Hodgson Genetically modified plants and human health risks: Can additional research reduce uncertainties and increase public confidence? , 2001, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[10]  C. Grieve,et al.  Tolerance of vegetable crops to salinity , 1998 .

[11]  T. Flowers Improving crop salt tolerance. , 2004, Journal of experimental botany.

[12]  S. G. Uzogara,et al.  The impact of genetic modification of human foods in the 21st century: a review. , 2000, Biotechnology advances.

[13]  J. Zhu,et al.  Genetic analysis of plant salt tolerance using Arabidopsis. , 2000, Plant physiology.

[14]  R. Phipps,et al.  Environmental benefits of genetically modified crops: Global and European perspectives on their ability to reduce pesticide use , 2002 .

[15]  S. Jaeger,et al.  Effect of information about benefits of biotechnology on consumer acceptance of genetically modified food: evidence from experimental auctions in the United States, England, and France , 2004 .

[16]  Yang Xiaoli,et al.  Comparison of nutrient composition of parental rice and rice genetically modified with cowpea trypsin inhibitor in China , 2005 .

[17]  Patrick du Jardin,et al.  Next-generation sequencing as a tool for the molecular characterisation and risk assessment of genetically modified plants: Added value or not ? , 2015 .

[18]  S. Grattan,et al.  Plant Salt Tolerance , 2013 .

[19]  Mike J. May,et al.  An introduction to the Farm‐Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide‐tolerant crops , 2003 .

[20]  Frank M LaFerla,et al.  Calcium dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease: recent advances gained from genetically modified animals. , 2005, Cell calcium.

[21]  J. Zhu,et al.  Plant salt tolerance. , 2001, Trends in plant science.

[22]  S. Taylor,et al.  Will genetically modified foods be allergenic? , 2001, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[23]  David Zilberman,et al.  Yield Effects of Genetically Modified Crops in Developing Countries , 2003, Science.

[24]  G. Flachowsky,et al.  Studies on feeds from genetically modified plants (GMP) – Contributions to nutritional and safety assessment , 2007 .

[25]  L. Meyerson,et al.  Biosecurity: Moving toward a Comprehensive Approach , 2002 .

[26]  Andrew Chesson,et al.  Animal nutrition with feeds from genetically modified plants , 2005, Archives of animal nutrition.

[27]  G. Kennedy,et al.  Integration of Insect-Resistant Genetically Modified Crops within IPM Programs , 2008 .

[28]  J. Lassen,et al.  Societal aspects of genetically modified foods. , 2004, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[29]  P. Fraser,et al.  Understanding carotenoid metabolism as a necessity for genetic engineering of crop plants. , 2006, Metabolic engineering.

[30]  Jan-Peter Nap,et al.  The release of genetically modified crops into the environment. Part II. Overview of ecological risk assessment. , 2003, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[31]  G. Séralini,et al.  New Analysis of a Rat Feeding Study with a Genetically Modified Maize Reveals Signs of Hepatorenal Toxicity , 2007, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[32]  I. Kurnaz Genetic Manipulation of Plants , 2015 .

[33]  S. Taylor Food from genetically modified organisms and potential for food allergy. , 1997, Environmental toxicology and pharmacology.

[34]  Ian Denholm,et al.  Insect-resistant transgenic plants , 1998 .

[35]  R. Fuchs,et al.  Safety and advantages of Bacillus thuringiensis-protected plants to control insect pests. , 2000, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

[36]  John Hudson,et al.  Genetically modified products and GMO foods: a game of chance? , 2017 .

[37]  Robert Wohlhueter,et al.  Genetically modified foods: A critical review of their promise and problems , 2016 .

[38]  Poonam,et al.  Genetically Modified Food: A Review on Mechanism of Production and Labeling Concern , 2014 .

[39]  Maddalena Querci,et al.  Genetically modified animals: Options and issues for traceability and enforcement , 2015 .

[40]  S. Robinson,et al.  Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People , 2010, Science.

[41]  E J Kok,et al.  Unintended effects and their detection in genetically modified crops. , 2004, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[42]  R. Freckleton,et al.  Predictions of biodiversity response to genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. , 2000, Science.

[43]  K. Engel,et al.  Current and future benefits from the use of GM technology in food production. , 2002, Toxicology letters.

[44]  M. O’Callaghan,et al.  Effects of plants genetically modified for insect resistance on nontarget organisms. , 2005, Annual review of entomology.

[45]  H. Sang,et al.  Disease-resistant genetically modified animals. , 2005, Revue scientifique et technique.

[46]  A. Chesson,et al.  New feeds from genetically modified plants: substantial equivalence, nutritional equivalence, digestibility, and safety for animals and the food chain , 2002 .

[47]  G. Gregorio,et al.  Genetic analysis of salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) , 1993, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[48]  Seung Yon Rhee,et al.  Genetic basis and detection of unintended effects in genetically modified crop plants , 2015, Transgenic Research.

[49]  V. Gewin Genetically Modified Corn— Environmental Benefits and Risks , 2003, PLoS Biology.

[50]  D. Metcalfe Introduction: what are the issues in addressing the allergenic potential of genetically modified foods? , 2002, Environmental health perspectives.

[51]  V. Gupta,et al.  Genetically modified food: its uses, future prospects and safety assessments. , 2010 .

[52]  H. Riedel,et al.  Social and Economic Issues – Genetically Modified Food , 2013 .

[53]  A. Haslberger,et al.  Substantial equivalence of antinutrients and inherent plant toxins in genetically modified novel foods. , 2000, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[54]  H. Kuiper,et al.  Considerations for the assessment of the safety of genetically modified animals used for human food or animal feed , 2002 .

[55]  A. Snow,et al.  Gene Flow from Genetically Modified Rice and Its Environmental Consequences , 2005 .

[56]  D. Boulter,et al.  Insect pest control by copying nature using genetically engineered crops. , 1993, Phytochemistry.

[57]  S. Taylor,et al.  Assessment of the allergenic potential of foods derived from genetically engineered crop plants. , 1996, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[58]  Arne Holst-Jensen,et al.  Testing for genetically modified organisms (GMOs): Past, present and future perspectives. , 2009, Biotechnology advances.

[59]  J. Wesseler,et al.  What are the socio-economic impacts of genetically modified crops worldwide? A systematic map protocol , 2014, Environmental Evidence.

[60]  Defa Li,et al.  Nutritional assessment and fate of dna of soybean meal from roundup ready or conventional soybeans using rats , 2004, Archives of animal nutrition.

[61]  J. Domingo Toxicity Studies of Genetically Modified Plants: A Review of the Published Literature , 2007, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[62]  I. Mafra,et al.  A survey on genetically modified maize in foods commercialised in Portugal , 2014 .

[63]  Shishir K. Gupta,et al.  Genetically Modified Food Animals , 2016 .

[64]  A. Chan,et al.  Genetically modified foods in China and the United States: A primer of regulation and intellectual property protection , 2016 .

[65]  I. Arvanitoyannis,et al.  Please Scroll down for Article Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Health Risks of Genetically Modified Foods Health Risks of Genetically Modified Foods , 2022 .

[66]  J. Lüthy,et al.  Detection strategies for food authenticity and genetically modified foods , 1999 .

[67]  R. Miranda-Castro,et al.  Targeting helicase-dependent amplification products with an electrochemical genosensor for reliable and sensitive screening of genetically modified organisms. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[68]  A. Ranchhod,et al.  The futures of genetically-modified foods: global threat or panacea? , 2016 .

[69]  A. Altman,et al.  Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance , 2003, Planta.

[70]  U. Rudolph,et al.  Genetically modified animals in pharmacological research: future trends. , 1999, European journal of pharmacology.

[71]  I. Pryme,et al.  In Vivo Studies on Possible Health Consequences of Genetically Modified Food and Feed—with Particular Regard to Ingredients Consisting of Genetically Modified Plant Materials , 2003, Nutrition and health.

[72]  Hugh A Sampson,et al.  Allergenicity assessment of genetically modified crops—what makes sense? , 2008, Nature Biotechnology.

[73]  A. S. Bawa,et al.  Genetically modified foods: safety, risks and public concerns—a review , 2013, Journal of Food Science and Technology.

[74]  Philip J. Dale,et al.  Potential for the environmental impact of transgenic crops , 2002, Nature Biotechnology.

[75]  A. Moglia,et al.  Genetically Modified Foods , 2016 .

[76]  A. Osterhaus,et al.  Vector-based genetically modified vaccines: Exploiting Jenner’s legacy , 2016, Vaccine.