Beyond rhetoric: re-thinking entrepreneurial marketing from a practice perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the application of social practice theory for the investigation of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) practices. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical gap has been found between scholarly efforts to explain the nature of EM practice and the actual marketing practice or marketing doings of small firms. Findings – The paper covers some of the EM literature and perspectives and examining the notion of “practice” in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and entrepreneurship research. Based on an increasing focus on practice in the social theory literature and the contributions of key social theorists, a discussion is framed in terms of how EM practice can be studied through the investigation material and bodily observations and common interpretations. Research limitations/implications – The paper offers a proposal that the observations of practitioners’ actions and activities and the investigation of common interpretations can be conceptualized to explai...

[1]  David J. Hansen,et al.  Anatomy of competitive advantage: towards a contingency theory of entrepreneurial marketing , 2016 .

[2]  Paul F. Conway,et al.  The practice turn : Research-informed clinical teacher education in two countries , 2014 .

[3]  P. Althausen,et al.  Practice Management , 2014, Journal of orthopaedic trauma.

[4]  D. Hoult,et al.  The principle of reciprocity. , 2011, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[5]  J. Moisander,et al.  Organizational dynamics and complexities of corporate brand building—A practice perspective , 2011 .

[6]  Catharina von Koskull,et al.  Service development as practice: A rhetorical analysis of customer-related arguments in a service development project , 2011 .

[7]  Per Skålén,et al.  Marketing-as-practice. Introduction to the special issue , 2011 .

[8]  M. Fellesson Enacting customers--Marketing discourse and organizational practice , 2011 .

[9]  D. Zwick,et al.  Inside Marketing: Practices, Ideologies, Devices , 2011 .

[10]  J. Rowley,et al.  Entrepreneurial marketing in small businesses: A conceptual exploration , 2011 .

[11]  Morgan P. Miles,et al.  Entrepreneurial marketing: acknowledging the entrepreneur and customer-centric interrelationship , 2010 .

[12]  David J. Hansen,et al.  The marketing/entrepreneurship interface: a report on the “Charleston Summit” , 2010 .

[13]  Jean Kazez The Order of Things , 2010 .

[14]  J. Rowley,et al.  Presentation of a generic “EMICO” framework for research exploration of entrepreneurial marketing in SMEs , 2009 .

[15]  Diane M. Martin The entrepreneurial marketing mix , 2009 .

[16]  Robert Chia,et al.  Researching Strategy Practices: A Genealogical Social Theory Perspective , 2009 .

[17]  Martin J. Carter Entrepreneurship and Marketing , 2008 .

[18]  Morgan P. Miles,et al.  The Evolution and Development of Entrepreneurial Marketing , 2008 .

[19]  R. Whittington Strategy Practice and Strategy Process: Family Differences and the Sociological Eye , 2007 .

[20]  Kenneth Le Meunier-FitzHugh,et al.  Exploring collaboration between sales and marketing , 2007 .

[21]  Michael Lounsbury,et al.  New Practice Creation: An Institutional Perspective on Innovation , 2007 .

[22]  M. McPherson A Comparison of Marketing Practices: Perspectives from First and Second Generation UK South Asians , 2007 .

[23]  Morgan P. Miles,et al.  Large firms, entrepreneurial marketing processes, and the cycle of competitive advantage , 2006 .

[24]  Robert Cheng Huat Chia,et al.  Strategy as Practical Coping: A Heideggerian Perspective , 2006 .

[25]  R. Whittington Completing the Practice Turn in Strategy Research , 2006 .

[26]  Saras D. Sarasvathy,et al.  Knowing What to Do and Doing What You Know , 2005 .

[27]  Barton A. Weitz,et al.  Sales and Marketing Integration: A Proposed Framework , 2005 .

[28]  Adam Lindgreen,et al.  Contemporary marketing practice: theoretical propositions and practical implications , 2004 .

[29]  L. Lockshin,et al.  Crafting a competitive advantage: tempering entrepreneurial action with positioning‐based values , 2004 .

[30]  Alistair R. Anderson,et al.  Relationships, marketing and small business: an exploration of links in theory and practice , 2004 .

[31]  Patrick McCole,et al.  Refocusing Marketing to Reflect Practice: The Changing Role of Marketing for Business , 2004 .

[32]  David Rae,et al.  Practical theories from entrepreneurs' stories: discursive approaches to entrepreneurial learning , 2004 .

[33]  P. Jarzabkowski Strategy as Practice: Recursiveness, Adaptation, and Practices-in-Use , 2004 .

[34]  Tingling Lin,et al.  Strategic marketing practices and the performance of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Taiwan , 2004 .

[35]  Judy Robertson,et al.  Adapting action research to marketing: A dialogic argument between theory and practice , 2004 .

[36]  Marton Marosszeky,et al.  Constructing the Olympic Dream: A Future Perfect Strategy of Project Management , 2003, Organ. Sci..

[37]  Stephen Brown Crisis, What Crisis? Marketing, Midas, and the Croesus of Representation , 2003 .

[38]  Björn Bjerke,et al.  Entrepreneurial Marketing: The Growth of Small Firms in the New Economic Era , 2002 .

[39]  Michael H. Morris,et al.  Entrepreneurial Marketing: A Construct for Integrating Emerging Entrepreneurship and Marketing Perspectives , 2002 .

[40]  R. Brodie,et al.  How Firms Relate to Their Markets: An Empirical Examination of Contemporary Marketing Practices , 2002 .

[41]  Harley Krohmer,et al.  Should marketing be cross-functional? Conceptual development and international empirical evidence , 2002 .

[42]  Andreas Reckwitz Toward a Theory of Social Practices , 2002 .

[43]  David C. Wilson,et al.  Top Teams and Strategy in a UK University , 2002 .

[44]  A. M. Torres,et al.  Discovering Diversity in Marketing Practice , 2002 .

[45]  L. Wright,et al.  A qualitative research agenda for small to medium‐sized enterprises , 2001 .

[46]  Eleanor Shaw,et al.  Entrepreneurial marketing – a historical perspective on development and practice , 2001 .

[47]  Jimmy Hill,et al.  A multidimensional study of the key determinants of effective SME marketing activity: Part 1 , 2001 .

[48]  R. Brodie,et al.  Contemporary marketing practices of consumer and business‐to‐business firms: how different are they? , 2001 .

[49]  Tony Fu-Lai Yu,et al.  Firm strategy, innovation and consumer demand: a market process approach , 2001 .

[50]  S. Sarasvathy Causation and Effectuation: Toward a Theoretical Shift from Economic Inevitability to Entrepreneurial Contingency , 2001 .

[51]  J. Brown,et al.  Knowledge and Organization: A Social-Practice Perspective , 2001 .

[52]  K. K. Cetina,et al.  The Practice Turn in Contemporary Theory , 2001 .

[53]  Christian Homburg,et al.  Fundamental changes in marketing organization: The movement toward a customer-focused organizational structure , 2000 .

[54]  R. Brodie,et al.  An investigation of marketing practice by firm size , 2000 .

[55]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  Using Technology and Constituting Structures: A Practice Lens for Studying Technology in Organizations , 2000, Theory in CSCW.

[56]  David Stokes,et al.  Putting Entrepreneurship into Marketing: The Processes of Entrepreneurial Marketing , 2000 .

[57]  Tasadduq A. Shervani,et al.  Marketing, Business Processes, and Shareholder Value: An Organizationally Embedded View of Marketing Activities and the Discipline of Marketing , 1999 .

[58]  Arto Rajala,et al.  Organizing Marketing in Industrial High-Tech Firms The Role of Internal Marketing Relationships , 1999 .

[59]  Roderick E. White,et al.  An Organizational Learning Framework: From Intuition to Institution , 1999 .

[60]  Allen C. Bluedorn,et al.  The relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management , 1999 .

[61]  B. Loasby Knowledge, institutions, and evolution in economics , 1999 .

[62]  Pauric McGowan,et al.  Small business and enterprise development: questions about research methodology , 1999 .

[63]  Gregory G. Dess,et al.  Entrepreneurial strategy making and firm performance , 1997 .

[64]  Jeffrey G. Covin,et al.  Entrepreneurial strategy making and firm performance: tests of contingency and configurational models , 1997 .

[65]  R. Brodie,et al.  Understanding contemporary marketing: Development of a classification scheme , 1997 .

[66]  Nicole Coviello,et al.  Qualitative research issues at the marketing/ entrepreneurship interface , 1996 .

[67]  R. Whittington Strategy as Practice , 1996 .

[68]  Nick Wilson,et al.  Do small businesses have to practise marketing to survive and grow , 1996 .

[69]  David Carson,et al.  Non-Practice of Theoretically Based Marketing in Small Business—Issues Arising and Their Implications , 1995 .

[70]  Michael H. Morris,et al.  The determinants of entrepreneurial activity , 1995 .

[71]  D. Holt How Consumers Consume: A Typology of Consumption Practices , 1995 .

[72]  David Knights,et al.  STRATEGY UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND IT IN FINANCIAL SERVICES* , 1995 .

[73]  Shelby D. Hunt,et al.  On Rethinking Marketing: Our Discipline, Our Practice, Our Methods , 1994 .

[74]  David Carson,et al.  A philosophy for marketing education in small firms , 1993 .

[75]  R. Laforge,et al.  Research at the Marketing Interface to Advance Entrepreneurship Theory , 1992 .

[76]  J. Covin Entrepreneurial Versus Conservative Firms: A Comparison of Strategies and Performance , 1991 .

[77]  Morgan P. Miles,et al.  The Relationship between Marketing Orientation and Entrepreneurial Orientation , 1991 .

[78]  H. Stevenson,et al.  A Paradigm of Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Management * , 1990 .

[79]  P. Bourdieu The Logic of Practice , 1990 .

[80]  Bernard J. Jaworski,et al.  Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions, and Managerial Implications , 1990 .

[81]  David J. Patten Successful Marketing for the Small Business , 1989 .

[82]  Barbara J. Bird,et al.  The Operation of Entrepreneurial Intentions , 1989 .

[83]  Ali Dastmalchian,et al.  Market Vulnerability and the Design and Management of the Marketing Function in Small Firms , 1988 .

[84]  D. Slevin,et al.  THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE ON THE UTILITY OF AN ENTREPRENEURIAL TOP MANAGEMENT STYLE , 1988 .

[85]  W. Gartner “Who Is an Entrepreneur?” Is the Wrong Question , 1988 .

[86]  Michael H. Morris,et al.  The relationship between entrepreneurship and marketing in established firms , 1987 .

[87]  M. Baker Marketing Strategy and Management , 1985 .

[88]  Jack Colleran Strategic Marketing Considerations for the Small Firm , 1985 .

[89]  Rick Brown,et al.  Marketing for the small firm , 1985 .

[90]  R. J. House,et al.  Organizations: A Quantum View , 1984 .

[91]  Robert A. Burgelman Corporate Entrepreneurship and Strategic Management: Insights from a Process Study , 1983 .

[92]  R. Deshpandé,et al.  “Paradigms Lost”: On Theory and Method in Research in Marketing , 1983 .

[93]  J. Paul Peter,et al.  Construct Validity: A Review of Basic Issues and Marketing Practices , 1981 .

[94]  J. Murray Marketing is home for the entrepreneurial process , 1981 .

[95]  G. Shackle,et al.  Imagination and the Nature of Choice , 1979 .

[96]  Erving Goffman,et al.  Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. , 1979 .

[97]  J. Darling,et al.  A Competitive Profile of Products and Associated Marketing Practices of Selected European and Non‐European Countries , 1977 .

[98]  M. K. D. Vries,et al.  THE ENTREPRENEURIAL PERSONALITY: A PERSON AT THE CROSSROADS , 1977 .

[99]  Richard J. Bernstein,et al.  Praxis and Action: Contemporary Philosophies of Human Activity , 1972 .

[100]  G. Wills,et al.  Organisational transfer to marketing futures: An analysis of new patterns of marketing activity for successful development in the seventies , 1971 .

[101]  F. Saussure,et al.  Course in General Linguistics , 1960 .

[102]  J. Schumpeter Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy , 1943 .

[103]  Claes M. Hultman,et al.  History, theory and evidence of entrepreneurial marketing – an overview , 2010 .

[104]  Sussie C. Morrish,et al.  Entrepreneurial marketing: a comparative case study of 42below vodka and Penderyn whisky , 2009 .

[105]  Jon M. Hawes,et al.  A Purchasing Perspective of the Universal Marketing Functions , 2006 .

[106]  Shankar Ganesan,et al.  The decline and dispersion of marketing competence , 2005 .

[107]  Thomas Ahrens,et al.  Management Accounting as Practice , 2005 .

[108]  Clive Boddy q Emerald Group Publishing Limited , 2003 .

[109]  K. Atuahene–Gima,et al.  An Empirical Investigation of the Effect of Market Orientation and Entrepreneurship Orientation Alignment on Product Innovation , 2001 .

[110]  Simone Pettigrew,et al.  Ethnography and Grounded Theory: a Happy Marriage? , 2000 .

[111]  Y. Engeström,et al.  Activity theory and individual and social transformation. , 1999 .

[112]  E. Wenger Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity , 1998 .

[113]  Israel M. Kirzner Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach , 1997 .

[114]  Peter Miller,et al.  Accounting as social and institutional practice , 1996 .

[115]  A. Venkatesh,et al.  Marketing in a postmodern world , 1995 .

[116]  David Carson Marketing and entrepreneurship in SMEs : an innovative approach , 1995 .

[117]  R. McKenna,et al.  Marketing is everything. , 1991, Harvard business review.

[118]  Edwin Hutchins,et al.  Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation , 1991 .

[119]  D. Slevin,et al.  Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments , 1989 .

[120]  J. Abdnor The Spirit of Entrepreneurship , 1988 .

[121]  Paul Rabinow,et al.  Interpretive social science , 1987 .

[122]  N. Piercy The role and function of the chief marketing executive and the marketing department: A study of medium‐sized companies in the UK , 1986 .

[123]  Charles Taylor Human Agency and Language: Philosophical Papers , 1985 .

[124]  Charles Taylor Philosophy and the Human Sciences: Contents , 1985 .

[125]  R. Brockhaus The Psychology of the Entrepreneur , 1982 .

[126]  P. Kotler,et al.  Marketing management : analysis, planning, and control , 1973 .

[127]  A. Schutz The phenomenology of the social world , 1967 .

[128]  Neil H. Borden,et al.  The Concept of the Marketing Mix , 1964 .

[129]  Wroe Alderson,et al.  Marketing behavior and executive action : a functionalist approach to marketing theory , 1957 .

[130]  F. Hayek The economic nature of the firm: The use of knowledge in society , 1945 .

[131]  J. Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle , 1934 .