On the Efficient Calculation of the Periodic Steady-State Response of Grid-Connected Wind Parks—Part I

This paper presents a new power systems simulation environment suitable for the swift calculation of the periodic steady-state response of large power networks with large wind parks. In order to achieve the greatest computational efficiency and solution reliability, the wind generator model uses the state-of-the-art voltage-behind-reactance model of the induction generator; in this first part of the paper, the fixed-speed wind generator model is presented. The overall solving environment for the nonlinear system of differential equations representing the power system is the so-called Poincaré map method. A rather useful feature to reduce further the calculation times is the availability of an equivalent wind farm model based on multiple wakes. The Poincaré acceleration yields a vastly improved numerical solution compared to existing models of fixed-speed wind parks. The application of equivalent wind farm models yields a staggering reduction in the elapsed time to only 1.16% of the time demanded by the detailed model, while retaining a good approximation of the response of the wind farm. Full comparisons of the detailed and equivalent wind park models with PSCAD/EMTDC, are carried out and the agreement of the results is excellent. In this paper the emphasis is on harmonic generation.