AIR ENTRAINMENT IN HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES: A REVIEW.

Dropshafts, siphons, inclined conduits, and weirs are some hydraulic structures which involve air entrainment. This paper investigates three mechanisms of air entrainment suggesting broad-brush equations to predict the aeration rate. Air bubble transport in closed conduits downstream of the entrainment point is also considered. This section deals with threshold conditions to transport air bubbles in a closed conduit, and how much air is transported, particularly relating to the conduit length/conduit dimension ratio.