Determination of Perceptual Tempo of Music

Perceptual Tempo refers to listener's tempo perception as fast, moderate or slow, when he listens to a piece of music with fairly constant overall tempo. Music perceived to be faster will have higher Perceptual tempo than music perceived to be slower. Existing work on using computer system to automatically estimate the tempo of a piece of music mainly focuses on estimating the Score tempo or estimating the 'Foot-tapping' tempo. However, the existing work is usually not able to determine the Perceptual Tempo. This paper proposes an approach to determine this Perceptual Tempo. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is effective in estimating the Perceptual Tempo.

[1]  Tao Li,et al.  Detecting emotion in music , 2003, ISMIR.

[2]  Seiji Inokuchi,et al.  The Kansei Music System , 1989 .

[3]  Ralph H. Gundlach,et al.  Factors Determining the Characterization of Musical Phrases , 1935 .

[4]  Barry Vercoe,et al.  Music-listening systems , 2000 .

[5]  Jean Laroche,et al.  Estimating tempo, swing and beat locations in audio recordings , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Workshop on the Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (Cat. No.01TH8575).

[6]  C. Krumhansl.  An exploratory study of musical emotions and psychophysiology. , 1997, Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale.

[7]  W. Thompson,et al.  A Cross-Cultural Investigation of the Perception of Emotion in Music: Psychophysical and Cultural Cues , 1999 .

[8]  Shingo Uchihashi,et al.  The beat spectrum: a new approach to rhythm analysis , 2001, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2001. ICME 2001..

[9]  Lie Lu,et al.  Automatic mood detection from acoustic music data , 2003, ISMIR.

[10]  J. Sloboda,et al.  Music and emotion: Theory and research , 2001 .

[11]  Masataka Goto,et al.  An Audio-based Real-time Beat Tracking System for Music With or Without Drum-sounds , 2001 .

[12]  K. Hevner,et al.  The affective value of pitch and tempo in music. , 1937 .

[13]  George Tzanetakis,et al.  Manipulation, analysis and retrieval systems for audio signals , 2002 .

[14]  Jarno Seppänen,et al.  Computational models of musical meter recognition , 2001 .