Preclinical Bone Repair Models in Regenerative Medicine

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of current trends in bone tissue engineering (BTE) in regenerative medicine. In the setting of giving a broad overview of BTE, the chapter focuses on the building blocks of bone regeneration in BTE: cells, growth/differentiation factors and scaffolds. The chapter will focus on both in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration preclinical models that are used in BTE. Finally, the chapter discusses selection criteria for choosing an appropriate animal model for in vivo studies.

[1]  Irving L Weissman,et al.  Plasticity of Adult Stem Cells , 2004, Cell.

[2]  V. Rosen,et al.  Novel regulators of bone formation: molecular clones and activities. , 1988 .

[3]  Aldo R Boccaccini,et al.  Regenerating bone with bioactive glass scaffolds: A review of in vivo studies in bone defect models. , 2017, Acta biomaterialia.

[4]  K. Shakesheff,et al.  Tissue engineered bone using select growth factors: A comprehensive review of animal studies and clinical translation studies in man. , 2014, European cells & materials.

[5]  S. Hollister,et al.  Chemically-conjugated bone morphogenetic protein-2 on three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffolds stimulates osteogenic activity in bone marrow stromal cells. , 2010, Tissue engineering. Part A.

[6]  D. Prockop,et al.  Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. , 2006, Cytotherapy.

[7]  S. Ljunghall,et al.  Three isolation techniques for primary culture of human osteoblast-like cells: a comparison. , 1999, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[8]  B. Hall,et al.  Buried alive: How osteoblasts become osteocytes , 2006, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists.

[9]  M. H. Fernandes,et al.  Rodent models in bone-related research: the relevance of calvarial defects in the assessment of bone regeneration strategies , 2011, Laboratory animals.

[10]  M. Urist Bone: Formation by Autoinduction , 1965, Science.

[11]  F. Thürmer,et al.  Formation of cartilage matrix proteins by BMP-transfected murine mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in a novel class of alginates. , 2002, Biomaterials.

[12]  R. Giardino,et al.  Sheep model in orthopedic research: a literature review. , 2001, Comparative medicine.

[13]  E. Jabbari,et al.  Effect of grafting RGD and BMP-2 protein-derived peptides to a hydrogel substrate on osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells. , 2008, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[14]  Hideo Nakajima,et al.  Metallic Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration , 2009, Materials.

[15]  L. Bonewald,et al.  Cell line IDG‐SW3 replicates osteoblast‐to‐late‐osteocyte differentiation in vitro and accelerates bone formation in vivo , 2011, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[16]  A. Friedenstein,et al.  Osteogenesis in transplants of bone marrow cells. , 1966, Journal of embryology and experimental morphology.

[17]  A. Boskey The Organic and Inorganic Matrices , 2004 .

[18]  A. Ogose,et al.  Bone formation and resorption of highly purified beta-tricalcium phosphate in the rat femoral condyle. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[19]  D. Sato,et al.  Bone augmentation by onlay implant using recombinant human BMP-2 and collagen on adult rat skull without periosteum. , 2000, Clinical oral implants research.

[20]  Philip Kasten,et al.  Ectopic bone formation associated with mesenchymal stem cells in a resorbable calcium deficient hydroxyapatite carrier. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[21]  Changsheng Liu,et al.  Enhanced healing of rat calvarial defects with sulfated chitosan-coated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite/bone morphogenetic protein 2 scaffolds. , 2012, Tissue engineering. Part A.

[22]  S. Bruder,et al.  Osteogenic differentiation of purified, culture‐expanded human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro , 1997, Journal of cellular biochemistry.

[23]  Jos Malda,et al.  Biofabrication of osteochondral tissue equivalents by printing topologically defined, cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds. , 2012, Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods.

[24]  J. Adjaye,et al.  Human Stromal (Mesenchymal) Stem Cells from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue and Skin Exhibit Differences in Molecular Phenotype and Differentiation Potential , 2012, Stem Cell Reviews and Reports.

[25]  J. Thomson,et al.  Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. , 1998, Science.

[26]  A. Evdokiou,et al.  SaOS2 Osteosarcoma Cells as an In Vitro Model for Studying the Transition of Human Osteoblasts to Osteocytes , 2014, Calcified Tissue International.

[27]  David Gibbs,et al.  Bone Tissue Engineering , 2015, Current Molecular Biology Reports.

[28]  Eleftherios Tsiridis,et al.  Bone substitutes: an update. , 2005, Injury.

[29]  R. Cancedda,et al.  Three-dimensional cultures of osteogenic and chondrogenic cells: a tissue engineering approach to mimic bone and cartilage in vitro. , 2009, European cells & materials.

[30]  L. Bonewald,et al.  Establishment of an Osteoid Preosteocyte‐like Cell MLO‐A5 That Spontaneously Mineralizes in Culture , 2001, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[31]  S. Boonen,et al.  Interspecies differences in bone composition, density, and quality: potential implications for in vivo bone research. , 1998, Endocrinology.

[32]  R. Stewart,et al.  Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells , 2007, Science.

[33]  Arnold I Caplan,et al.  The MSC: an injury drugstore. , 2011, Cell stem cell.

[34]  J. Itskovitz‐Eldor,et al.  Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells on three-dimensional polymer scaffolds , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[35]  A. Khojasteh,et al.  Induced pluripotent stem cells as a new getaway for bone tissue engineering: A systematic review , 2017, Cell proliferation.

[36]  C. Xiang,et al.  Comparative analysis of biological characteristics of adult mesenchymal stem cells with different tissue origins. , 2015, Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine.

[37]  Aldo R. Boccaccini,et al.  In vitro differentiation and in vivo mineralization of osteogenic cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. , 2004, Tissue engineering.

[38]  Paolo Giannoni,et al.  A tissue engineering approach to bone repair in large animal models and in clinical practice. , 2007, Biomaterials.

[39]  J. Buckwalter,et al.  Use of animal models in musculoskeletal research. , 1998, The Iowa orthopaedic journal.

[40]  P. Dubey,et al.  Composite polymer-bioceramic scaffolds with drug delivery capability for bone tissue engineering , 2013, Expert opinion on drug delivery.

[41]  M. Pittenger,et al.  Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. , 1999, Science.

[42]  P. Ma,et al.  Chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiations of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on a nanofibrous scaffold with designed pore network. , 2009, Biomaterials.

[43]  T. Ichisaka,et al.  Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors , 2007, Cell.

[44]  J. Davies,et al.  Concise Review: Wharton's Jelly: The Rich, but Enigmatic, Source of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells , 2017, Stem cells translational medicine.

[45]  Anja M. Billing,et al.  Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells reveals source specific cellular markers , 2016, Scientific Reports.