Flood discharge measurement of a mountain river - Nanshih River in Taiwan

This study proposes a more efficient method of flood discharge measurement in mountain rivers that ac- counts for personal safety, accuracy, and reliability. Because it is based on the relationships between mean and maxi- mum velocities and between cross-sectional area and gauge height, the proposed method utilizes a flood discharge mea- surement system composed of an acoustic Doppler profiler and crane system to measure velocity distributions, cross- sectional area, and water depths. The flood discharge mea- surement system can be used to accurately and quickly mea- sure flood data that is difficult to be collected by the conven- tional instruments. The measured data is then used to cali- brate the parameters of the proposed method for estimating mean velocity and cross-sectional area. Then these observed discharge and gauge height can be used to establish the water stage-discharge rating curve. Therefor continuous and real- time estimations of flood discharge of a mountain river can become possible. The measurement method and system is applied to the Nanshih River at the Lansheng Bridge. Once the method is established, flood discharge of the Nanshih River could be efficiently estimated using maximum velocity and the water stage. Results of measured and estimated dis- charges of the Nanshih River at the Lansheng Bridge differed only slightly from each other, demonstrating the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

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