Computational Models of Grounding in Collaborative Systems

In this paper, I present in detail two models of grounding, Clark and Schaefer’s contribution model, and the grounding acts model from my previous work. Description of each model is accompanied with discussion of it’s limitations, particularly with respect to use within a collaborative system. Also presented is an approach taking factors such as media costs into account.

[1]  Herbert H. Clark,et al.  Grounding in communication , 1991, Perspectives on socially shared cognition.

[2]  Sarit Kraus,et al.  Collaborative Plans for Group Activities , 1993, IJCAI.

[3]  D. Richard Hipp,et al.  Spoken Natural Language Dialog Systems , 1994 .

[4]  David R. Traum,et al.  Utterance Units in Spoken Dialogue , 1996, ECAI Workshop on Dialogue Processing in Spoken Language Systems.

[5]  David R. Traum,et al.  Conversational Actions and Discourse Situations , 1997, Comput. Intell..

[6]  Janet E. Cahn,et al.  A Psychological Model of Grounding and Repair in Dialog , 1999 .

[7]  Philip R. Cohen,et al.  Intentions in Communication , 1991, CL.

[8]  David R. Traum,et al.  CONVERSATION ACTS IN TASK‐ORIENTED SPOKEN DIALOGUE , 1992, Comput. Intell..

[9]  D. Traum,et al.  Coding Discourse Structure in Dialogue (Version 1.0) , 1999 .

[10]  Joakim Nivre,et al.  On the Semantics and Pragmatics of Linguistic Feedback , 1992, J. Semant..

[11]  Stephanie D. Teasley,et al.  Perspectives on socially shared cognition , 1991 .

[12]  Philip R. Cohen,et al.  Intentions in Communication. , 1992 .

[13]  H. H. Clark.  Arenas of language use , 1993 .

[14]  Michael L. Geis,et al.  Syntax and Semantics. Volume 3 : Speech Acts , 1976 .

[15]  Stephanie D. Teasley,et al.  The Construction of Shared Knowledge in Collaborative Problem Solving , 1995 .

[16]  Pierre Dillenbourg,et al.  Grounding in Multi-modal Task-Oriented Collaboration , 1999 .

[17]  Marilyn A. Walker,et al.  Standards for Dialogue Coding in Natural Language Processing , 1997 .

[18]  Jerry R. Hobbs.  Ontological Promiscuity , 1985, ACL.

[19]  Joseph Y. Halpern,et al.  Knowledge and common knowledge in a distributed environment , 1984, JACM.

[20]  Hector J. Levesque,et al.  Confirmations and Joint Action , 1991, IJCAI.

[21]  David R. Traum,et al.  A "speech acts" approach to grounding in conversation , 1992, ICSLP.

[22]  C. Sidner,et al.  Plans for Discourse , 1988 .

[23]  P. Dillenbourg,et al.  Miscommunication in Multi-modal Collaboration , 1995 .

[24]  E. Schegloff,et al.  The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation , 1977 .

[25]  Jens Allwood,et al.  An activity-based approach to pragmatics , 2000, Abduction, Belief and Context in Dialogue.

[26]  David R Traum,et al.  Towards a Computational Theory of Grounding in Natural Language Conversation , 1991 .

[27]  Claire O'Malley,et al.  Computer Supported Collaborative Learning , 1995, NATO ASI Series.

[28]  Herbert H. Clark,et al.  Contributing to Discourse , 1989, Cogn. Sci..

[29]  Mark G. Core,et al.  Automatically Extracting Grounding Tags from BF Tags , 1999, ACL 1999.

[30]  B. Webber,et al.  Elements of Discourse Understanding , 1983 .

[31]  S. Brennan.  Seeking and providing evidence for mutual understanding , 1990 .

[32]  J. Allwood.  Linguistic communication as action and cooperation : a study in pragmatics , 1976 .

[33]  Chung Hee Hwang,et al.  The TRAINS project: a case study in building a conversational planning agent , 1994, J. Exp. Theor. Artif. Intell..

[34]  Marilyn A. Walker,et al.  Informational redundancy and resource bounds in dialogue , 1993 .