Accurate Representation of Microscopic Scatterers in Realistic Simulation of OCT Image Formation

There is currently much interest in developing OCT image formation models based on Maxwell's equations. However, all such models face a common challenge: how can microscopic scatterers be represented without limiting the overall size of the sample that can be modelled? Here we show how micro-scopic scatterers can be accurately represented on computational grids with cells too large to faithfully represent such scatterers using conventional approaches. We also validate this approach experimentally. This approach to OCT image simulation allows for image formation for biological tissues to be simulated with unprecedented realism.